Annexes to COM(2008)19 - Promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources - Main contents
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| dossier | COM(2008)19 - Promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. |
|---|---|
| document | COM(2008)19  |
| date | April 23, 2009 |
National overall targets for the share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption of energy in 2020 (1)
A. National overall targets
| Share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption of energy, 2005 (S2005) | Target for share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption of energy, 2020 (S2020) | |
| Belgium | 2,2 % | 13 % |
| Bulgaria | 9,4 % | 16 % |
| Czech Republic | 6,1 % | 13 % |
| Denmark | 17,0 % | 30 % |
| Germany | 5,8 % | 18 % |
| Estonia | 18,0 % | 25 % |
| Ireland | 3,1 % | 16 % |
| Greece | 6,9 % | 18 % |
| Spain | 8,7 % | 20 % |
| France | 10,3 % | 23 % |
| Italy | 5,2 % | 17 % |
| Cyprus | 2,9 % | 13 % |
| Latvia | 32,6 % | 40 % |
| Lithuania | 15,0 % | 23 % |
| Luxembourg | 0,9 % | 11 % |
| Hungary | 4,3 % | 13 % |
| Malta | 0,0 % | 10 % |
| Netherlands | 2,4 % | 14 % |
| Austria | 23,3 % | 34 % |
| Poland | 7,2 % | 15 % |
| Portugal | 20,5 % | 31 % |
| Romania | 17,8 % | 24 % |
| Slovenia | 16,0 % | 25 % |
| Slovak Republic | 6,7 % | 14 % |
| Finland | 28,5 % | 38 % |
| Sweden | 39,8 % | 49 % |
| United Kingdom | 1,3 % | 15 % |
B. Indicative trajectory
The indicative trajectory referred to in Article 3(2) shall consist of the following shares of energy from renewable sources:
S2005 + 0,20 (S2020 – S2005), as an average for the two-year period 2011 to 2012;
S2005 + 0,30 (S2020 – S2005), as an average for the two-year period 2013 to 2014;
S2005 + 0,45 (S2020 – S2005), as an average for the two-year period 2015 to 2016; and
S2005 + 0,65 (S2020 – S2005), as an average for the two-year period 2017 to 2018,
where
S2005 = the share for that Member State in 2005 as indicated in the table in part A,
and
S2020 = the share for that Member State in 2020 as indicated in the table in part A.
(1) In order to be able to achieve the national objectives set out in this Annex, it is underlined that the State aid guidelines for environmental protection recognise the continued need for national mechanisms of support for the promotion of energy from renewable sources.
ANNEX II
Normalisation rule for accounting for electricity generated from hydropower and wind power
The following rule shall be applied for the purpose of accounting for electricity generated from hydropower in a given Member State:
where:
| N | = | reference year; |
| QN(norm) | = | normalised electricity generated by all hydropower plants of the Member State in year N, for accounting purposes; |
| Qi | = | the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all hydropower plants of the Member State measured in GWh, excluding production from pumped storage units using water that has previously been pumped uphill; |
| Ci | = | the total installed capacity, net of pumped storage, of all hydropower plants of the Member State at the end of year i, measured in MW. |
The following rule shall be applied for the purpose of accounting for electricity generated from wind power in a given Member State:
where:
| N | = | reference year; |
| QN(norm) | = | normalised electricity generated by all wind power plants of the Member State in year N, for accounting purposes; |
| Qi | = | the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all wind power plants of the Member State measured in GWh; |
| Cj | = | the total installed capacity of all the wind power plants of the Member State at the end of year j, measured in MW; |
| n | = | 4 or the number of years preceding year N for which capacity and production data are available for the Member State in question, whichever is lower. |
ANNEX III
Energy content of transport fuels
| Fuel | Energy content by weight (lower calorific value, MJ/kg) | Energy content by volume (lower calorific value, MJ/l) |
| Bioethanol (ethanol produced from biomass) | 27 | 21 |
| Bio-ETBE (ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether produced on the basis of bioethanol) | 36 (of which 37 % from renewable sources) | 27 (of which 37 % from renewable sources) |
| Biomethanol (methanol produced from biomass, to be used as biofuel) | 20 | 16 |
| Bio-MTBE (methyl-tertio-butyl-ether produced on the basis of bio-methanol) | 35 (of which 22 % from renewable sources) | 26 (of which 22 % from renewable sources) |
| Bio-DME (dimethylether produced from biomass, to be used as biofuel) | 28 | 19 |
| Bio-TAEE (tertiary-amyl-ethyl-ether produced on the basis of bioethanol) | 38 (of which 29 % from renewable sources) | 29 (of which 29 % from renewable sources) |
| Biobutanol (butanol produced from biomass, to be used as biofuel) | 33 | 27 |
| Biodiesel (methyl-ester produced from vegetable or animal oil, of diesel quality, to be used as biofuel) | 37 | 33 |
| Fischer-Tropsch diesel (a synthetic hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetic hydrocarbons produced from biomass) | 44 | 34 |
| Hydrotreated vegetable oil (vegetable oil thermochemically treated with hydrogen) | 44 | 34 |
| Pure vegetable oil (oil produced from oil plants through pressing, extraction or comparable procedures, crude or refined but chemically unmodified, when compatible with the type of engines involved and the corresponding emission requirements) | 37 | 34 |
| Biogas (a fuel gas produced from biomass and/or from the biodegradable fraction of waste, that can be purified to natural gas quality, to be used as biofuel, or wood gas) | 50 | — |
| Petrol | 43 | 32 |
| Diesel | 43 | 36 |
ANNEX IV
Certification of installers
The certification schemes or equivalent qualification schemes referred to in Article 14(3) shall be based on the following criteria:
| 1. | The certification or qualification process shall be transparent and clearly defined by the Member State or the administrative body they appoint. |
| 2. | Biomass, heat pump, shallow geothermal and solar photovoltaic and solar thermal installers shall be certified by an accredited training programme or training provider. |
| 3. | The accreditation of the training programme or provider shall be effected by Member States or administrative bodies they appoint. The accrediting body shall ensure that the training programme offered by the training provider has continuity and regional or national coverage. The training provider shall have adequate technical facilities to provide practical training, including some laboratory equipment or corresponding facilities to provide practical training. The training provider shall also offer in addition to the basic training, shorter refresher courses on topical issues, including on new technologies, to enable life-long learning in installations. The training provider may be the manufacturer of the equipment or system, institutes or associations. |
| 4. | The training leading to installer certification or qualification shall include both theoretical and practical parts. At the end of the training, the installer must have the skills required to install the relevant equipment and systems to meet the performance and reliability needs of the customer, incorporate quality craftsmanship, and comply with all applicable codes and standards, including energy and eco-labelling. |
| 5. | The training course shall end with an examination leading to a certificate or qualification. The examination shall include a practical assessment of successfully installing biomass boilers or stoves, heat pumps, shallow geothermal installations, solar photovoltaic or solar thermal installations. |
| 6. | The certification schemes or equivalent qualification schemes referred to in Article 14(3) shall take due account of the following guidelines:
|
ANNEX V
Rules for calculating the greenhouse gas impact of biofuels, bioliquids and their fossil fuel comparators
A. Typical and default values for biofuels if produced with no net carbon emissions from land-use change
| Biofuel production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emission saving | Default greenhouse gas emission saving |
| sugar beet ethanol | 61 % | 52 % |
| wheat ethanol (process fuel not specified) | 32 % | 16 % |
| wheat ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP plant) | 32 % | 16 % |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in conventional boiler) | 45 % | 34 % |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 53 % | 47 % |
| wheat ethanol (straw as process fuel in CHP plant) | 69 % | 69 % |
| corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 56 % | 49 % |
| sugar cane ethanol | 71 % | 71 % |
| the part from renewable sources of ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether (ETBE) | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| the part from renewable sources of tertiary-amyl-ethyl-ether (TAEE) | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| rape seed biodiesel | 45 % | 38 % |
| sunflower biodiesel | 58 % | 51 % |
| soybean biodiesel | 40 % | 31 % |
| palm oil biodiesel (process not specified) | 36 % | 19 % |
| palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 62 % | 56 % |
| waste vegetable or animal (1) oil biodiesel | 88 % | 83 % |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed | 51 % | 47 % |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower | 65 % | 62 % |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process not specified) | 40 % | 26 % |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 68 % | 65 % |
| pure vegetable oil from rape seed | 58 % | 57 % |
| biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas | 80 % | 73 % |
| biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas | 84 % | 81 % |
| biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas | 86 % | 82 % |
B. Estimated typical and default values for future biofuels that were not on the market or were on the market only in negligible quantities in January 2008, if produced with no net carbon emissions from land-use change
| Biofuel production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emission saving | Default greenhouse gas emission saving |
| wheat straw ethanol | 87 % | 85 % |
| waste wood ethanol | 80 % | 74 % |
| farmed wood ethanol | 76 % | 70 % |
| waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 95 % | 95 % |
| farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 93 % | 93 % |
| waste wood dimethylether (DME) | 95 % | 95 % |
| farmed wood DME | 92 % | 92 % |
| waste wood methanol | 94 % | 94 % |
| farmed wood methanol | 91 % | 91 % |
| the part from renewable sources of methyl-tertio-butyl-ether (MTBE) | Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used |
C. Methodology
1. Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of transport fuels, biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated as:
E = eec + el + ep + etd + eu – esca – eccs – eccr – eee ,
where
| E | = | total emissions from the use of the fuel; |
| eec | = | emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials; |
| el | = | annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change; |
| ep | = | emissions from processing; |
| etd | = | emissions from transport and distribution; |
| eu | = | emissions from the fuel in use; |
| esca | = | emission saving from soil carbon accumulation via improved agricultural management; |
| eccs | = | emission saving from carbon capture and geological storage; |
| eccr | = | emission saving from carbon capture and replacement; and |
| eee | = | emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration. |
Emissions from the manufacture of machinery and equipment shall not be taken into account.
2. Greenhouse gas emissions from fuels, E, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO2 equivalent per MJ of fuel, gCO2eq/MJ.
3. By derogation from point 2, for transport fuels, values calculated in terms of gCO2eq/MJ may be adjusted to take into account differences between fuels in useful work done, expressed in terms of km/MJ. Such adjustments shall be made only where evidence of the differences in useful work done is provided.
4. Greenhouse gas emission saving from biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated as:
SAVING = (EF – EB )/EF ,
where
| EB | = | total emissions from the biofuel or bioliquid; and |
| EF | = | total emissions from the fossil fuel comparator. |
5. The greenhouse gases taken into account for the purposes of point 1 shall be CO2, N2O and CH4. For the purpose of calculating CO2 equivalence, those gases shall be valued as follows:
| CO2 | : | 1 |
| N2O | : | 296 |
| CH4 | : | 23 |
6. Emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials, eec, shall include emissions from the extraction or cultivation process itself; from the collection of raw materials; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation. Capture of CO2 in the cultivation of raw materials shall be excluded. Certified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions from flaring at oil production sites anywhere in the world shall be deducted. Estimates of emissions from cultivation may be derived from the use of averages calculated for smaller geographical areas than those used in the calculation of the default values, as an alternative to using actual values.
7. Annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change, el, shall be calculated by dividing total emissions equally over 20 years. For the calculation of those emissions the following rule shall be applied:
el = (CSR – CSA ) × 3,664 × 1/20 × 1/P – eB (3),
where
| el | = | annualised greenhouse gas emissions from carbon stock change due to land-use change (measured as mass of CO2-equivalent per unit biofuel energy); |
| CSR | = | the carbon stock per unit area associated with the reference land use (measured as mass of carbon per unit area, including both soil and vegetation). The reference land use shall be the land use in January 2008 or 20 years before the raw material was obtained, whichever was the later; |
| CSA | = | the carbon stock per unit area associated with the actual land use (measured as mass of carbon per unit area, including both soil and vegetation). In cases where the carbon stock accumulates over more than one year, the value attributed to CSA shall be the estimated stock per unit area after 20 years or when the crop reaches maturity, whichever the earlier; |
| P | = | the productivity of the crop (measured as biofuel or bioliquid energy per unit area per year); and |
| eB | = | bonus of 29 gCO2eq/MJ biofuel or bioliquid if biomass is obtained from restored degraded land under the conditions provided for in point 8. |
8. The bonus of 29 gCO2eq/MJ shall be attributed if evidence is provided that the land:
| (a) | was not in use for agriculture or any other activity in January 2008; and |
| (b) | falls into one of the following categories:
|
The bonus of 29 gCO2eq/MJ shall apply for a period of up to 10 years from the date of conversion of the land to agricultural use, provided that a steady increase in carbon stocks as well as a sizable reduction in erosion phenomena for land falling under (i) are ensured and that soil contamination for land falling under (ii) is reduced.
9. The categories referred to in point 8(b) are defined as follows:
| (a) | ‘severely degraded land’ means land that, for a significant period of time, has either been significantly salinated or presented significantly low organic matter content and has been severely eroded; |
| (b) | ‘heavily contaminated land’ means land that is unfit for the cultivation of food and feed due to soil contamination. |
Such land shall include land that has been the subject of a Commission decision in accordance with the fourth subparagraph of Article 18(4).
10. The Commission shall adopt, by 31 December 2009, guidelines for the calculation of land carbon stocks drawing on the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories — volume 4. The Commission guidelines shall serve as the basis for the calculation of land carbon stocks for the purposes of this Directive.
11. Emissions from processing, ep , shall include emissions from the processing itself; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in processing.
In accounting for the consumption of electricity not produced within the fuel production plant, the greenhouse gas emission intensity of the production and distribution of that electricity shall be assumed to be equal to the average emission intensity of the production and distribution of electricity in a defined region. By derogation from this rule, producers may use an average value for an individual electricity production plant for electricity produced by that plant, if that plant is not connected to the electricity grid.
12. Emissions from transport and distribution, etd , shall include emissions from the transport and storage of raw and semi-finished materials and from the storage and distribution of finished materials. Emissions from transport and distribution to be taken into account under point 6 shall not be covered by this point.
13. Emissions from the fuel in use, eu , shall be taken to be zero for biofuels and bioliquids.
14. Emission saving from carbon capture and geological storage eccs , that have not already been accounted for in ep , shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture and sequestration of emitted CO2 directly related to the extraction, transport, processing and distribution of fuel.
15. Emission saving from carbon capture and replacement, eccr , shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil-derived CO2 used in commercial products and services.
16. Emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration, eee , shall be taken into account in relation to the excess electricity produced by fuel production systems that use cogeneration except where the fuel used for the cogeneration is a co-product other than an agricultural crop residue. In accounting for that excess electricity, the size of the cogeneration unit shall be assumed to be the minimum necessary for the cogeneration unit to supply the heat that is needed to produce the fuel. The greenhouse gas emission saving associated with that excess electricity shall be taken to be equal to the amount of greenhouse gas that would be emitted when an equal amount of electricity was generated in a power plant using the same fuel as the cogeneration unit.
17. Where a fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel for which emissions are being calculated and one or more other products (co-products), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the fuel or its intermediate product and the co-products in proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating value in the case of co-products other than electricity).
18. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 17, the emissions to be divided shall be eec + el + those fractions of ep , etd and eee that take place up to and including the process step at which a co-product is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the fraction of those emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate fuel product shall be used for this purpose instead of the total of those emissions.
In the case of biofuels and bioliquids, all co-products, including electricity that does not fall under the scope of point 16, shall be taken into account for the purposes of that calculation, except for agricultural crop residues, including straw, bagasse, husks, cobs and nut shells. Co-products that have a negative energy content shall be considered to have an energy content of zero for the purpose of the calculation.
Wastes, agricultural crop residues, including straw, bagasse, husks, cobs and nut shells, and residues from processing, including crude glycerine (glycerine that is not refined), shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of collection of those materials.
In the case of fuels produced in refineries, the unit of analysis for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 17 shall be the refinery.
19. For biofuels, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 4, the fossil fuel comparator EF shall be the latest available actual average emissions from the fossil part of petrol and diesel consumed in the Community as reported under Directive 98/70/EC. If no such data are available, the value used shall be 83,8 gCO2eq/MJ.
For bioliquids used for electricity production, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 4, the fossil fuel comparator EF shall be 91 gCO2eq/MJ.
For bioliquids used for heat production, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 4, the fossil fuel comparator EF shall be 77 gCO2eq/MJ.
For bioliquids used for cogeneration, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 4, the fossil fuel comparator EF shall be 85 gCO2eq/MJ.
D. Disaggregated default values for biofuels and bioliquids
Disaggregated default values for cultivation: ‘eec ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| sugar beet ethanol | 12 | 12 |
| wheat ethanol | 23 | 23 |
| corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced | 20 | 20 |
| sugar cane ethanol | 14 | 14 |
| the part from renewable sources of ETBE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| the part from renewable sources of TAEE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| rape seed biodiesel | 29 | 29 |
| sunflower biodiesel | 18 | 18 |
| soybean biodiesel | 19 | 19 |
| palm oil biodiesel | 14 | 14 |
| waste vegetable or animal (4) oil biodiesel | 0 | 0 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed | 30 | 30 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower | 18 | 18 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil | 15 | 15 |
| pure vegetable oil from rape seed | 30 | 30 |
| biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas | 0 | 0 |
| biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas | 0 | 0 |
| biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas | 0 | 0 |
Disaggregated default values for processing (including excess electricity): ‘ep – eee ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| sugar beet ethanol | 19 | 26 |
| wheat ethanol (process fuel not specified) | 32 | 45 |
| wheat ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP plant) | 32 | 45 |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in conventional boiler) | 21 | 30 |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 14 | 19 |
| wheat ethanol (straw as process fuel in CHP plant) | 1 | 1 |
| corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 15 | 21 |
| sugar cane ethanol | 1 | 1 |
| the part from renewable sources of ETBE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| the part from renewable sources of TAEE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| rape seed biodiesel | 16 | 22 |
| sunflower biodiesel | 16 | 22 |
| soybean biodiesel | 18 | 26 |
| palm oil biodiesel (process not specified) | 35 | 49 |
| palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 13 | 18 |
| waste vegetable or animal oil biodiesel | 9 | 13 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed | 10 | 13 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower | 10 | 13 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process not specified) | 30 | 42 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 7 | 9 |
| pure vegetable oil from rape seed | 4 | 5 |
| biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas | 14 | 20 |
| biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas | 8 | 11 |
| biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas | 8 | 11 |
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ‘etd ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| sugar beet ethanol | 2 | 2 |
| wheat ethanol | 2 | 2 |
| corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced | 2 | 2 |
| sugar cane ethanol | 9 | 9 |
| the part from renewable sources of ETBE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| the part from renewable sources of TAEE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| rape seed biodiesel | 1 | 1 |
| sunflower biodiesel | 1 | 1 |
| soybean biodiesel | 13 | 13 |
| palm oil biodiesel | 5 | 5 |
| waste vegetable or animal oil biodiesel | 1 | 1 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed | 1 | 1 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower | 1 | 1 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil | 5 | 5 |
| pure vegetable oil from rape seed | 1 | 1 |
| biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas | 3 | 3 |
| biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas | 5 | 5 |
| biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas | 4 | 4 |
Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| sugar beet ethanol | 33 | 40 |
| wheat ethanol (process fuel not specified) | 57 | 70 |
| wheat ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP plant) | 57 | 70 |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in conventional boiler) | 46 | 55 |
| wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 39 | 44 |
| wheat ethanol (straw as process fuel in CHP plant) | 26 | 26 |
| corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) | 37 | 43 |
| sugar cane ethanol | 24 | 24 |
| the part from renewable sources of ETBE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| the part from renewable sources of TAEE | Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used | |
| rape seed biodiesel | 46 | 52 |
| sunflower biodiesel | 35 | 41 |
| soybean biodiesel | 50 | 58 |
| palm oil biodiesel (process not specified) | 54 | 68 |
| palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 32 | 37 |
| waste vegetable or animal oil biodiesel | 10 | 14 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed | 41 | 44 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower | 29 | 32 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process not specified) | 50 | 62 |
| hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane capture at oil mill) | 27 | 29 |
| pure vegetable oil from rape seed | 35 | 36 |
| biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas | 17 | 23 |
| biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas | 13 | 16 |
| biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas | 12 | 15 |
E. Estimated disaggregated default values for future biofuels and bioliquids that were not on the market or were only on the market in negligible quantities in January 2008
Disaggregated default values for cultivation: ‘eec ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| wheat straw ethanol | 3 | 3 |
| waste wood ethanol | 1 | 1 |
| farmed wood ethanol | 6 | 6 |
| waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 1 | 1 |
| farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 4 | 4 |
| waste wood DME | 1 | 1 |
| farmed wood DME | 5 | 5 |
| waste wood methanol | 1 | 1 |
| farmed wood methanol | 5 | 5 |
| the part from renewable sources of MTBE | Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used |
Disaggregated default values for processing (including excess electricity): ‘ep – eee ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| wheat straw ethanol | 5 | 7 |
| wood ethanol | 12 | 17 |
| wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 0 | 0 |
| wood DME | 0 | 0 |
| wood methanol | 0 | 0 |
| the part from renewable sources of MTBE | Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used |
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ‘etd ’ as defined in part C of this Annex
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| wheat straw ethanol | 2 | 2 |
| waste wood ethanol | 4 | 4 |
| farmed wood ethanol | 2 | 2 |
| waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 3 | 3 |
| farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 2 | 2 |
| waste wood DME | 4 | 4 |
| farmed wood DME | 2 | 2 |
| waste wood methanol | 4 | 4 |
| farmed wood methanol | 2 | 2 |
| the part from renewable sources of MTBE | Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used |
Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution
| Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway | Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) | Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO2eq/MJ) |
| wheat straw ethanol | 11 | 13 |
| waste wood ethanol | 17 | 22 |
| farmed wood ethanol | 20 | 25 |
| waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 4 | 4 |
| farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel | 6 | 6 |
| waste wood DME | 5 | 5 |
| farmed wood DME | 7 | 7 |
| waste wood methanol | 5 | 5 |
| farmed wood methanol | 7 | 7 |
| the part from renewable sources of MTBE | Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used |
(1) Not including animal oil produced from animal by-products classified as category 3 material in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 October 2002 laying down health rules on animal by-products not intended for human consumption ().
(2) OJ L 273, 10.10.2002, p. 1.
(3) The quotient obtained by dividing the molecular weight of CO2 (44,010 g/mol) by the molecular weight of carbon (12,011 g/mol) is equal to 3,664.
(4) Not including animal oil produced from animal by-products classified as category 3 material in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002.
ANNEX VI
Minimum requirements for the harmonised template for national renewable energy action plans
1. Expected final energy consumption:
Gross final energy consumption in electricity, transport and heating and cooling for 2020 taking into account the effects of energy efficiency policy measures.
2. National sectoral 2020 targets and estimated shares of energy from renewable sources in electricity, heating and cooling and transport:
| (a) | target share of energy from renewable sources in electricity in 2020; |
| (b) | estimated trajectory for the share of energy from renewable sources in electricity; |
| (c) | target share of energy from renewable sources in heating and cooling in 2020; |
| (d) | estimated trajectory for the share of energy from renewable sources in heating and cooling; |
| (e) | estimated trajectory for the share of energy from renewable sources in transport; |
| (f) | national indicative trajectory as referred to in Article 3(2) and part B of Annex I. |
3. Measures for achieving the targets:
| (a) | overview of all policies and measures concerning the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources; |
| (b) | specific measures to fulfil the requirements of Articles 13, 14 and 16, including the need to extend or reinforce existing infrastructure to facilitate the integration of the quantities of energy from renewable sources needed to achieve the 2020 national target, measures to accelerate the authorisation procedures, measures to reduce non-technological barriers and measures concerning Articles 17 to 21; |
| (c) | support schemes for the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources in electricity applied by the Member State or a group of Member States; |
| (d) | support schemes for the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources in heating and cooling applied by the Member State or a group of Member States; |
| (e) | support schemes for the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources in transport applied by the Member State or a group of Member States; |
| (f) | specific measures on the promotion of the use of energy from biomass, especially for new biomass mobilisation taking into account:
|
| (g) | planned use of statistical transfers between Member States and planned participation in joint projects with other Member States and third countries:
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4. Assessments:
| (a) | the total contribution expected of each renewable energy technology to meet the mandatory 2020 targets and the indicative trajectory for the shares of energy from renewable sources in electricity, heating and cooling and transport; |
| (b) | the total contribution expected of the energy efficiency and energy saving measures to meet the mandatory 2020 targets and the indicative trajectory for the shares of energy from renewable sources in electricity, heating and cooling and transport. |
ANNEX VII
Accounting of energy from heat pumps
The amount of aerothermal, geothermal or hydrothermal energy captured by heat pumps to be considered energy from renewable sources for the purposes of this Directive, ERES , shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula:
ERES = Qusable * (1 – 1/SPF)
where
| — | Qusable = the estimated total usable heat delivered by heat pumps fulfilling the criteria referred to in Article 5(4), implemented as follows: Only heat pumps for which SPF > 1,15 * 1/η shall be taken into account, |
| — | SPF = the estimated average seasonal performance factor for those heat pumps, |
| — | η is the ratio between total gross production of electricity and the primary energy consumption for electricity production and shall be calculated as an EU average based on Eurostat data. |
By 1 January 2013, the Commission shall establish guidelines on how Member States are to estimate the values of Qusable and SPF for the different heat pump technologies and applications, taking into consideration differences in climatic conditions, especially very cold climates.