Annexes to COM(2009)363 - Measures to safeguard security of gas supply - Main contents
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| dossier | COM(2009)363 - Measures to safeguard security of gas supply. |
|---|---|
| document | COM(2009)363  |
| date | December 2, 2010 |
CALCULATION OF THE N – 1 FORMULA
1. Definition of the N – 1 formula
The N – 1 formula describes the ability of the technical capacity of the gas infrastructure to satisfy total gas demand in the calculated area in the event of disruption of the single largest gas infrastructure during a day of exceptionally high gas demand occurring with a statistical probability of once in 20 years.
Gas infrastructure includes the gas transmission network including interconnectors as well as production, LNG and storage facilities connected to the calculated area.
The technical capacity (1) of all remaining available gas infrastructure in the event of disruption of the single largest gas infrastructure should be at least equal to the sum of the total daily gas demand of the calculated area during a day of exceptionally high gas demand occurring with a statistical probability of once in 20 years.
The results of the N – 1 formula, as calculated below, should at least equal 100 %.
2. Calculation method of the N – 1 formula
, N – 1 ≥ 100 %
3. Definitions of the parameters of the N – 1 formula:
‘Calculated area’ means a geographical area for which the N – 1 formula is calculated, as determined by the Competent Authority.
Demand-side definition
‘Dmax’ means the total daily gas demand (in mcm/d) of the calculated area during a day of exceptionally high gas demand occurring with a statistical probability of once in 20 years.
Supply-side definitions
‘EPm’: technical capacity of entry points (in mcm/d), other than production, LNG and storage facilities covered by Pm, Sm and LNGm, means the sum of the technical capacity of all border entry points capable of supplying gas to the calculated area.
‘Pm’: maximal technical production capability (in mcm/d) means the sum of the maximal technical daily production capability of all gas production facilities which can be delivered to the entry points in the calculated area.
‘Sm’: maximal technical storage deliverability (in mcm/d) means the sum of the maximal technical daily withdrawal capacity of all storage facilities which can be delivered to the entry points of the calculated area, taking into account their respective physical characteristics.
‘LNGm’: maximal technical LNG facility capacity (in mcm/d) means the sum of the maximal technical daily send-out capacities at all LNG facilities in the calculated area, taking into account critical elements like offloading, ancillary services, temporary storage and re-gasification of LNG as well as technical send-out capacity to the system.
‘Im’ means the technical capacity of the single largest gas infrastructure (in mcm/d) with the highest capacity to supply the calculated area. When several gas infrastructures are connected to a common upstream or downstream gas infrastructure and cannot be separately operated, they shall be considered as one single gas infrastructure.
4. Calculation of the N – 1 formula using demand-side measures
, N – 1 ≥ 100 %
Demand-side definition
‘Deff’ means the part (in mcm/d) of Dmax that in case of a supply disruption can be sufficiently and timely covered with market-based demand-side measures in accordance with Article 5(1)(b) and Article 6(2).
5. Calculation of the N – 1 formula at regional level
The calculated area referred to in point 3 shall be extended to the appropriate regional level where applicable, as determined by the Competent Authorities of the Member States concerned. For the calculation of the N – 1 formula at regional level, the single largest gas infrastructure of common interest shall be used. The single largest gas infrastructure of common interest to a region is the largest gas infrastructure in the region that directly or indirectly contributes to the supply of gas to the Member States of that region and shall be defined in the joint Preventive Action Plan.
The regional N – 1 calculation can only replace the national N – 1 calculation, where the single largest gas infrastructure of common interest is of major importance for the gas supply of all Member States concerned according to the joint risk assessment.
(1) According to Article 2(1)(18) of Regulation (EC) No 715/2009, ‘technical capacity’ means the maximum firm capacity that the transmission system operator can offer to the network users, taking account of system integrity and the operational requirements of the transmission network.
ANNEX II
LIST OF MARKET-BASED SECURITY OF GAS SUPPLY MEASURES
In developing the Preventive Action Plan and the Emergency Plan the Competent Authority shall take into account the indicative and non-exhaustive list of measures set out in this Annex. The Competent Authority shall duly take into account the environmental impact of the measures proposed when developing the Preventive Action Plan and the Emergency Plan and shall give preference, as far as possible, to those measures which have the least impact on the environment while taking into account security of supply aspects.
Supply-side measures:
| — | increased production flexibility, |
| — | increased import flexibility, |
| — | facilitating the integration of gas from renewable energy sources into the gas network infrastructure, |
| — | commercial gas storage — withdrawal capacity and volume of gas in storage, |
| — | LNG terminal capacity and maximal send-out capacity, |
| — | diversification of gas supplies and gas routes, |
| — | reverse flows, |
| — | coordinated dispatching by transmission system operators, |
| — | use of long-term and short-term contracts, |
| — | investments in infrastructure, including bi-directional capacity, |
| — | contractual arrangements to ensure security of gas supply. |
Demand-side measures:
| — | use of interruptible contracts, |
| — | fuel switch possibilities including use of alternative back-up fuels in industrial and power generation plants, |
| — | voluntary firm load shedding, |
| — | increased efficiency, |
| — | increased use of renewable energy sources. |
ANNEX III
LIST OF NON-MARKET BASED SECURITY OF GAS SUPPLY MEASURES
In developing the Preventive Action Plan and the Emergency Plan the Competent Authority shall consider the contribution of the following indicative and non-exhaustive list of measures only in the event of an emergency:
Supply-side measures:
| — | use of strategic gas storage, |
| — | enforced use of stocks of alternative fuels (e.g. in accordance with Council Directive 2009/119/EC of 14 September 2009 imposing an obligation on Member States to maintain minimum stocks of crude oil and/or petroleum products (1)), |
| — | enforced use of electricity generated from sources other than gas, |
| — | enforced increase of gas production levels, |
| — | enforced storage withdrawal. |
Demand-side measures:
| — | Various steps of compulsory demand reduction including:
|
(1) OJ L 265, 9.10.2009, p. 9.
ANNEX IV
REGIONAL COOPERATION
In accordance with Article 194 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and as underlined in Article 6 of Directive 2009/73/EC and Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 715/2009, regional cooperation reflects the spirit of solidarity and is also an underlying concept of this Regulation. Regional cooperation is required in particular for the establishment of the risk assessment (Article 9), the Preventive Action Plans and the Emergency Plans (Articles 4, 5 and 10), the infrastructure and supply standards (Articles 6 and 8) and the provisions for Union and regional emergency responses (Article 11).
The regional cooperation under this Regulation builds on existing regional cooperation involving natural gas undertakings, Member States and national regulatory authorities to enhance, among other objectives, the security of supply and the integration of the internal energy market, such as the three regional gas markets under the Gas Regional Initiative, the Gas Platform, the High Level Group of the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan, and the Security of Supply Coordination Group of the Energy Community. However, the specific security of supply requirements are likely to foster new cooperation frameworks, and existing areas of cooperation will have to be adapted in order to guarantee the best efficiency.
In the light of the increasingly interconnected and interdependent markets and the completion of the internal gas market, cooperation between the following Member States, as an example and among others, including between parts of neighbouring Member States, can enhance their individual and collective security of gas supply:
| — | Poland and the three Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), |
| — | the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) and France, |
| — | Ireland and the United Kingdom, |
| — | Bulgaria, Greece and Romania, |
| — | Denmark and Sweden, |
| — | Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Hungary and Romania, |
| — | Poland and Germany, |
| — | France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, |
| — | Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, |
| — | others. |
Where necessary and appropriate, regional cooperation between Member States may be extended to strengthen cooperation with neighbouring Member States, in particular in the case of gas islands, notably with a view to enhancing interconnections. Member States may also be part of different cooperation clusters.