Annexes to COM(2006)249 - Promoting decent work for all - The EU contribution to the implementation of the decent work agenda in the world - Main contents
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This page contains a limited version of this dossier in the EU Monitor.
| dossier | COM(2006)249 - Promoting decent work for all - The EU contribution to the implementation of the decent work agenda in the world. |
|---|---|
| document | COM(2006)249  |
| date | May 24, 2006 |
The Member States have already ratified a large number of ILO conventions relating, in particular, to core labour standards, labour inspection, labour administration, employment, social security and wages[7]. A large number have ratified more recent conventions (health and safety at work, working conditions). The very recent ILO consolidated maritime labour convention (2006) is particularly relevant to the European social dialogue and to the future regulatory activities of the Community and the Member States.
It is important that the Member States continue the process of ratification and application, in particular of conventions which have been brought up-to-date. The Commission will encourage and facilitate this process, where required, while taking account of the relevant areas of responsibility and policies of the Community in this regard.
Beyond the objectives of the decent work agenda, the Lisbon Strategy and the European Social Agenda provide a much broader political framework for resolute action in favour of employment, equal opportunities and social cohesion.
3.2. Raising awareness in order to convince and mobilise more effectively
The Commission will work with the ILO, the UN and other organisations to explore in greater depth the problem of decent work, improve the capacity of the partner countries and develop appropriate indicators, i.e.:
- identify good practice and successes in the field;
- examine decent work in greater depth and the way in which it interacts with other policies;
- develop methodologies for measuring how decent work is affected by trade liberalisation and global production and distribution systems at global level, including in export processing zones; expand the pilot study under way with the ILO in order to measure the impact of trade on decent work;
- examine in greater depth the impact of trade on sustainable development (SIA);
- improve the link between analyses, operational activities and the planning of external assistance; promote a concerted approach between partner countries and regions in order to select priorities more effectively and harness external assistance.
In this context, it is important that the EU’s policy on research be brought into play, not only to promote knowledge but also to support social and economic development.
The Commission supports the ratification and application of core labour standards and the implementation of decent work country programmes as agreed in the ILO or an equivalent roadmap in particular in the context of national development strategies. The Commission will cooperate with the ILO, the UN and other international organisations to improve analysis and to develop indicators related to the implementation of the decent work agenda.
The Commission will develop training and information on decent work through its delegations in third countries and will hold regional seminars in order to enhance the capacity of those involved.
3.3. Harnessing the EU’s external policies more effectively
Enlargement
In the run-up to accession, the candidate countries are required to adopt the Community acquis in its entirety. Alongside the adoption of the Community acquis , the pre-accession strategy plays a direct role in helping to promote the decent work agenda in the candidate countries. It is important to stress the relevance of this agenda for the candidate countries while taking account of the EU's commitment to decent work and the complementarity of certain ILO conventions and strategies with the Community acquis . In this context, the Commission will support initiatives on:
- promoting trade union freedom and collective bargaining in order to enhance the capacity of the parties concerned to engage in autonomous social dialogue;
- improving labour administration, labour inspectorates and bodies for managing social protection;
- developing prevention strategies in the field of health and safety at work.
Neighbourhood policy, regional and bilateral relations
Neighbourhood
The decent work agenda is also of relevance to countries covered by the European neighbourhood policy, which are gradually growing closer to the Union, even if they are not under the same obligation to adopt the Community acquis . The neighbourhood policy will help to promote decent work through:
- implementation of clear reforms concerning core labour standards, employment, social affairs and equal opportunities set out in the action plans agreed between the EU and the countries concerned;
- regular political dialogue concerning issues relating to the institutional structures established as a result of the partnership and cooperation agreements and the association agreements;
- implementation of the five-year work plan agreed as part of the Barcelona process, in November 2005, which seeks to strengthen systems of social protection in the southern Mediterranean countries;
- inclusion of thematic planning and other aspects of cooperation in the strategy documents for each country and region; possible involvement of the countries concerned in certain Community programmes and cooperation with EU agencies, in accordance with arrangements which are still to be determined.
Bilateral and regional relations
The Commission recently redefined its strategic relations with Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa. It included elements associated with decent work in its proposals and will actively implement them.
The Commission will step up cooperation on social cohesion with Latin America and the Caribbean. It has established work programmes with Chile and the Andean Community and is preparing other forms of bilateral cooperation, such as with Brazil and Mexico. It will encourage and support cooperation on these issues between all the countries of Latin America.
The Commission will implement cooperation with the African Union concerning the social dimension of regional integration and decent work, as well as bilateral cooperation with South Africa. It will take decent work into account in the context of the Cotonou Agreement and regional strategies (Africa, Caribbean, Pacific).
The Commission will also address these issues in political discussions with Asian countries. It has launched in 2005 a dialogue with China on employment, labour legislation, social dialogue, social protection and social cohesion. The Commission is also cooperating on employment with India and ASEM with a view to implementing decent work worldwide.
The Commission will support the social dialogue in processes of regional integration outside Europe which are supported by the EU.
Development cooperation
The European Consensus on Development of 20.12.2005, concerning the EU’s development policy, is the core document which for the first time focuses the efforts of the European institutions and the Member States on the improvement of the coordination, consistency and complementarity of the action they take. The document recognises social cohesion and employment as an area of Community action and stipulates that the Community and the Member States will promote decent work for all.
The Commission will support the following measures as part of thematic programming and the country and regional programming:
- integrate decent work into national and regional strategies to promote development and reduce poverty;
- gradual inclusion of the decent work objective in budget support measures;
- improve the capacity of the competent authorities and civil society organisations;
- development of small and medium-sized enterprises;
- involvement of the social partners and civil society in development strategies and in poverty reduction strategies;
- strengthening of external assistance for social adjustments in countries and regions outside the EU which are involved in trade liberalisation;
- promotion of policy coherence and cooperation with relevant international and regional organisations.
Regulation (EC) No 2110/2005 imposes an obligation on those submitting tenders for contracts financed by Community assistance to respect core labour standards. The Commission plans to extend this provision to contracts financed through the European Development Fund. The Commission calls on the Member States and other donors to adopt the same approach.
Annex II gives examples of actions on promoting decent work that can be developed in the context of external assistance programmes, while taking into account the context and the needs of the countries concerned.
Trade: a factor in sustainable development
Trade liberalisation should help to achieve goals such as high growth, full employment, poverty reduction and the promotion of decent work.
In the Community’s trade policy, the instrument of preference for promoting core labour standards is the new GSP and its special incentive for sustainable development and good governance GSP + (2006-2008).
The new GSP has already had the significant impact of speeding up the ratification of ILO core labour standards conventions.
The Commission will put more of its commercial weight behind efforts to promote social standards and decent work in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations. In particular, it plans to:
- improve the link between the GSP, the GSP + and Community external assistance;
- take account of the social dimension, decent work and the recommendations of SIA studies in bilateral and regional trade negotiations (including the APE/EPA, the ACP countries, Mercosur, the Gulf Cooperation Council, MED and Central America);
- make use of EU policies and instruments, such as external assistance, to promote decent work in the context of an open system of trade;
- adopt the approach concerning the interaction between trade, social rights and employment which was presented in 2004 in the submissions to the trade policy review mechanism, and encourage other members of the WTO to adopt this approach;
- promote cooperation between the WTO, UNCTAD, the ILO and other relevant organisations.
3.4. Promoting international and multilateral governance
It is essential that international and multilateral governance be strengthened in order to promote the social dimension of globalisation and ensure that the partners take ownership of the decent work agenda.
As part of economic and social cooperation
The Commission supports the dialogue recently launched between the international financial institutions (IFI), the ILO, the UN and the WTO concerning the complementarity and consistency of their policies and the interdependence of economic growth, investment, trade and decent work. It calls on these organisations and the G8 to help to promote decent work when devising and implementing their policies, strategies and instruments.
It will step up its cooperation with the ILO.
The Commission will contribute not only to the UN’s work on the implementation of the conclusions of the 2005 Summit on productive employment and decent work but also, and in particular, to the work of the High-Level Segment of the UN’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in July 2006.
Better management of economic migration
The management of migration calls for cooperation between countries and regions of origin, transit and destination and with international organisations (ILO, IOM, UN).
In 2005, the Commission adopted an action plan on legal economic migration. The Commission supports ongoing efforts to achieve a consistent approach to international migration, such as the report of the Global Commission on International Migration (2005) and the ILO’s action plan for migrant workers (2004). It is contributing to the preparations for the UN’s high-level dialogue on migration and development (2006).
In order to ensure that EU’s policy on migration contributes to development steps must be taken to facilitate the transfer of remittances to countries of origin and their contribution to the development of these countries, mobilise the diasporas, encourage circular migration, mitigate the negative impact of “brain drain” and limit in a responsible way recruitment which undermines development, in sectors confronted with qualified labour shortage, in particular in the health care sector[8].
Action should also be taken to help the authorities in the countries concerned to manage migratory flows more effectively, protect migrants from exploitation and ensure better treatment of migrants resident on their territory. The fight against illegal immigration and human trafficking forms part of such action.
The Commission is also sharing with national and regional authorities its long experience of ensuring the free movement of workers, promoting the rights of migrants, immigration policy and integration of migrants.
3.5. Working with civil society and the business sector
Social partners, social dialogue and partnerships
The Commission will support efforts to:
- strengthen the technical capacity of the social partners and of civil society;
- develop institutions, mechanisms and practices to facilitate and consolidate the process of bipartite and tripartite social dialogue;
- improve the involvement of the social partners and other social society stakeholders in global governance (WTO, IFI) on the basis of the OECD’s consultative model;
- conclude transnational collective agreements and global framework agreements.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
The Commission acknowledges the important role of CSR, which complements legislation, collective bargaining and control of working conditions. It takes the view that codes of conduct and other CSR instruments should be based on instruments adopted at international level (OECD, ILO).
The Commission will continue to promote CSR. It calls on businesses, the European Alliance for CSR[9] and other stakeholders to take action to promote decent work for all.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The promotion of decent work forms part of the EU’s efforts to promote and share its values and experience.
The EU and its Member States have helped to endorse this objective in the conclusions of the United Nations Summit in 2005.
The Commission plans to make a resolute contribution to the achievement of this objective, while cooperating closely with the parties concerned, partner countries and regions and international and regional organisations. It calls on the other EU institutions, the Member States, the social partners and all those involved to work together to promote decent work for all in the world.
It will harness its external policies, its development aid and its trade policy for this purpose. It calls not only for respect for core labour standards but also for the implementation in all countries of ambitious programmes to promote decent work. It will work with international organisations to establish indicators to follow up the action taken.
The Commission will produce a report on the follow-up to this Communication by the summer of 2008.
[1] Global Employment Trends, 2006, ILO; report by the CMDSM, 2004, ILO.
[2] COM(2004) 383; Council conclusions on the social dimension of globalisation, 3.3.2005, doc 6286/05; EP report, A 6-0308/2005 du 15.11.2005; opinion of the EESC of 9.3.2005 and of the Committee of the Regions of 23.2.2005; European Council conclusions of December 2004 and June 2005.
[3] For the main reference documents on decent work, see Annexes I and III.
[4] European values in the globalised world, COM(2005) 525.
[5] Decent work: how to make it operational; the employers’ point of view, 2002, IOE (International Organisation of Employers).
[6] COM(2001) 416; Council conclusions of 21.7.2003 and 3.3.2005; EP reports, July 2003 and November 2005.
[7] http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/french/newratframeF.htm
[8] Communication of the Commission on “Migration and development: concrete orientations”, COM(2005) 390, 1.9.2005.
[9] Cf. COM(2006) 136.