Annexes to COM(2020)433 - Progress report on implementation of the TEN-T network in 2016-2017 - Main contents

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dossier	COM(2020)433 - Progress report on implementation of the TEN-T network in 2016-2017.
document	COM(2020)433
date	August 26, 2020

Annex 2 of the Regulation (i.e. 38) are falling under the obligation of Article 41(3), i.e. to be connected with the railway and road transport infrastructure of the trans-European transport network by 2050 (except where physical constraints prevent such connection) and to be integrated into the high-speed rail network wherever possible, taking into account potential traffic. In this regard, the compliance rate is at an encouraging 67% per 2017 data. Airports not yet compliant are scattered across the EU, indicating a common need to achieve full airport connectivity.

7.Status of TEN-T Implementation: Progress in financial investments made on the TEN-T network in 2016 and 2017

In the course of 2016 and 2017, the total investment made on the TEN-T network was slightly above EUR 91 billion. Out of the EUR 91 billion, EUR 11.5 billion were invested through EIB loans, EUR 9.8 billion were co-funded by the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF, notably European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and Cohesion Fund (CF)) and EUR 3.1 billion by CEF. When EU co-funding is involved, the co-funding rate ranges between 20% and 85%. The balance and the major part was mobilised by national resources.

It has also to be noted that the overall amount for investments reported by Member States (i.e. EUR 80 billion) only includes investments related to works or other assets and/or mixed projects (but no studies alone) on the core or comprehensive TEN-T network. Under works, all projects which contribute to the objectives of Article 4 of the TEN-T Regulation (i.e. Cohesion, Efficiency, Sustainability, Increasing the benefits for its users) have been reported. In addition, only works that lead to new infrastructure developments or are related to upgrading/rehabilitating existing infrastructure are counted. Current maintenance costs have been excluded. Last but not least, it includes all projects above EUR 1 million that run in 2016 and 2017 regardless of their start date.

Out of the EUR 80 billion of total investments reported by Member States (which includes the EU co-funding part wherever relevant), the majority has been invested on the core network (71%). Similarly, most funds have been attributed to TEN-T railways (including ERTMS) (45%).

Table 1: TEN-T Expenditure 2016+2017 in MEUR

EU28	TEN-T Expenditure 2016+2017 in MEUR
	Comprehensive Network	Core Network	Total TEN-T Network
TEN-T Railways (incl. ERTMS)	7 546	28 632	36 178
TEN-T Roads (incl. ITS)	14 410	16 644	31 054
TEN-T Inland Waterways (incl. RIS)	(NA)	2 374	2 374
TEN-T Ports (incl. VTMIS)	870	3 876	4 746
TEN-T Airports (incl. ATM)	790	5 041	5 831
Total in MEUR	23 616	56 567	80 183

Source: Member States’ survey 2019

CEF (Connecting Europe Facility)

As regards the expenditure from the current CEF for Transport, the grants spent on the TEN-T network in 2016 and 2017 amount to around EUR 3.14 billion for 793 projects which represents a fair increase compared to 2014 and 2015 (EUR 2.1 billion). The major part of CEF funding (around 77%) has been invested in sustainable transport infrastructure projects. Indeed, around 65% has been invested in rail infrastructure projects and around 12% for inland waterways and maritime transport infrastructure.

Table 2: CEF Transport Funding 2016+2017 in MEUR

CEF Transport Funding 2016+2017	Number of projects
per transport mode	in MEUR
Air	502	74
Inland Waterways	156	64
Maritime	235	147
Rail	2 031	323
Other*	-	3
Road	217	182
Total in MEUR	3 141	793

Source: INEA. Only including projects with beneficiaries from the 27 Member States and UK.

*Digitalisation of Multimodal Transport

ESIF (European Structural and Investment Funds)

EUR 9.85 billion (declared expenditures) have been invested on the TEN-T in 2016 and 2017 by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Cohesion Fund (CF), together responsible for around 40% of all EU-supported TEN-T investments (including EIB loans). It needs to be noted that the reported Cohesion Fund share does not take into account the part of Cohesion Fund allocation transferred to support transport projects on the core network under the CEF ⁹ . It is also noted that cohesion policy support is not allocated on an annual basis but programmed for a seven-year period. The amounts reported for 2016-2017 are expenditure incurred by the beneficiaries, certified and declared to the Commission during the reporting period.

Table 3: ERDF+CF (declared expenditure) 2016+2017 in MEUR

ERDF + CF (declared expenditure*) 2016+2017
per transport mode	in MEUR
Air	79
Inland Waterways + Inland Ports	10
Seaports	25
Rail	2 003
Road	7 709
Multimodal	19
Total in MEUR	9 845

Source: DG REGIO, https://cohesiondata.ec.europa.eu/d/3kkx-ekfq

*Expenditure incurred by the beneficiaries, certified and declared to the Commission.
Figures are cumulative.

EIB (European Investment Bank)

In 2016 and 2017, the EIB financed investments in the transport infrastructure sector for EUR 13 billion for 74 transport operations altogether (TEN-T and non-TEN-T, excluding mobile assets), and mobilizing EUR 51 billion of investment. The major part of these transport infrastructure investments (89%) has been made on TEN-T, representing 51 operations with EIB loans of a EUR 11.5 billion signed in 2016 and 2017.

Out of these 74 transport operations financed in 2016-2017, 18 operations were signed under EFSI. This represents an EIB loan volume, backed by EFSI guarantees, of around EUR 2.5 billion, leveraging total investments of EUR 10.2 billion in the transport sector (infrastructure, excluding mobile assets). In the same period, 5 operations were signed under the CEF Debt Instrument. This corresponds to an EIB loan volume, backed by the CEF Debt Instrument, of around EUR 338 million, leveraging total investments of EUR 1.9 billion for TEN-T roads, ports and green vessels. ¹⁰

Table 4: TEN-T expenditure per funding/financing source by Member State in 2016+2017 in MEUR

TEN-T expenditure per funding/financing source by Member State in 2016+2017 in MEUR*
Member States	National budgets incl. EU funds received (2016+2017)			EIB loans (2016+2017)	Total in MEUR
		CEF funding	ERDF+CF declared expenditures
AT (Austria)	3 931	174.2		1 200	5 131
BE (Belgium)	1 707	124.5			1 707
BG (Bulgaria)	196	8.6	168		196
CY (Cyprus)	32	1.6	14		32
CZ (Czech Republic)	1 274	66.8	529		1 274
DE (Germany)	22 429	777.1		1 263	23 692
DK (Denmark)	1 015	37.8		168	1 183
EE (Estonia)	303	18.4	276	30	333
EL (Greece)	1 157	211.1	271	617	1 775
ES (Spain )	5 978	188.3	146	1 261	7 239
FI (Finland)	1 304	61.1		230	1 534
FR (France)	8 315	315.0		740	9 055
HR (Croatia)	319	16.7	48	15	334
HU (Hungary)	1 169	99.1	655	40	1 209
IE (Ireland)	794	20.5		48	842
IT (Italy)	12 490	273.8	45	1 926	14 416
LT (Lithuania)	226	26.7	484		226
LU (Luxembourg)	584	4.0			584
LV (Latvia)	315	4.8	259		315
MT (Malta)	61	2.9	20		61
NL (The Netherlands)	4 075	93.2	0	254	4 329
PL (Poland)	7 018	307.3	5 542	2 040	9 058
PT (Portugal)	233	31.5	23		233
Regional - EU Countries				71	71
RO (Romania)	1 116	12.3	603	790	1 906
SE (Sweden)	2 972	63.3			2 972
SI (Slovenia)	279	33.2	77		279
SK (Slovakia)	892	18.2	681	427	1 319
TC**			2		2
UK (United Kingdom)	not reported	148.6	4	351	504
Total in MEUR	80 184	3 140.5	9 846	11 471	91 810

Source: Member States’ survey 2019, DG REGIO, INEA, EIB

8.Conclusion

Significant progress has been made in the development of the TEN-T network in the course of the years 2016 and 2017, both with regard to the technical compliance as well as the financial investments made on the network.

Indeed, in terms of compliance with the TEN-T Regulation requirements, the network of the Core Network Corridors reaches between 81% and 100% for most (ten out of 13) of the available indicators. One must however keep in mind that the current definition of the compliance parameters is sometimes not developed and specified enough to properly account for the actual operational possibilities of the network. This being said, the rather good compliance data goes hand in hand with the fact that the highest share of total investments (EUR 80 billion) reported by Member States (which includes the EU co-funding part wherever relevant) has been invested on the core network (71%). Similarly, most funds have been attributed to TEN-T railways (including ERTMS) (45%) in order to catch up with the compliance gaps.

Besides, it also showed evident that the major challenges of the TEN-T infrastructure network can only be met by a sound mix of funding and financial instruments. The reporting years 2016 and 2017 were successful in that regard, by having shown an increased funding on the side of the CEF in particular and a wide-spread use of the various other means (ERDF, CF, EIB loans in particular).

Further progress is undoubtedly to be expected during the years to come as the deadline of 2030 and 2050 approaches and the maturity of the project pipeline increases. To this aim, the European Coordinators of the TEN-T do their utmost efforts in ensuring a sound, mature and visible TEN-T project pipeline which counts more than 2.500 project investments already today. Similarly, the Commission together with the co-legislators work on various initiatives to streamline permitting and procurement procedures in order to speed up the progress of TEN-T implementation.

The Commission is currently reviewing the TEN-T Regulation with a view to increasing the efficiency of the network in particular through better modal integration and digitalisation, enabling clean transport and strengthening quality and resilience of infrastructure. The development and better specification of the technical requirements of the network is also on the agenda of this review process. A possible proposal for its revision would follow by 2021.

9.Annexes

-Compliance Map: Railways – Electrification – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Railways – Track Gauge (1435mm) – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Railways (freight & mixed lines) – Line Speed – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Railways – ERTMS Deployment (track side) – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Railways (freight & mixed lines) – Max. axle load – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Railways (freight & mixed lines) – Max. train length – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Inland Waterways – CEMT class – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Inland Waterways – Permissible draught – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Inland Waterways – Permissible height under bridges – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Inland Waterways – RIS Implementation – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Airports – Connection to rail – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Ports – Connection to rail – Status 2017

-Compliance Map: Roads – Express Roads / Motorways - Status 2017

(1)

COM(2019) 640 final

(2)

Regulation (EU) No 1315/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on Union guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network and repealing Decision No 661/2010/EU, (OJ L 348, 20.12.2013, p.1)

(3)

Regulation (EU) No 1316/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 establishing the Connecting Europe Facility, amending Regulation (EU) No 913/2010 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 680/2007 and (EC) No 67/2010, (OJ L 348, 20.12.2013, p. 129).

(4)

COM(2017) 327 final

(5)

Full data for 2017 were only available mid-2019

(6)

Only works projects either EU co-funded or not and over one MEUR have been reported.

(7)

The planning methodology for the trans-European transport network (TEN-T), SWD(2013) 542 final.

(8)

Exemption from certain requirements for isolated networks according to Article (39)(2)(a), (i) to (iii), of Regulation 1315/2013.

(9)

Part of the Cohesion Fund allocation (EUR 11 305 500 000) was transferred to finance transport projects on the transport core network or transport projects relating to horizontal priorities in the Member States eligible for financing from the Cohesion Fund under the CEF.

(10)

Data source: EIB operational reporting to the European Commission