Regulation 2012/388 - Amendment of Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items - Main contents

REGULATION (EU) No 388/2012 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 19 April 2012

amending Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 207(2) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,

After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,

Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (1),

Whereas:

HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 shall be replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Strasbourg, 19 April 2012.

For the European Parliament

The President

• M. 

  SCHULZ

For the Council

The President

• M. 

  BØDSKOV

• (1) 

  Position of the European Parliament of 13 September 2011 (OJ C 7 E, 10.1.2012, p. 28) and position of the Council at first reading of 21 February 2012 (OJ C 107 E, 13.4.2012, p. 1). Position of the European Parliament of 29 March 2012 (not yet published in the Official Journal).

• (2) 

  OJ L 134, 29.5.2009, p. 1.

ANNEX

‘ANNEX I

List referred to in Article 3 of this Regulation

LIST OF DUAL-USE ITEMS

This list implements internationally agreed dual-use controls including the Wassenaar Arrangement, the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group (NSG), the Australia Group and the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC).

CONTENTS

Notes

Acronyms and abbreviations

Definitions

GENERAL NOTES TO ANNEX I

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY NOTE (NTN)

(To be read in conjunction with Section E of Category 0.)

The “technology” directly associated with any goods controlled in Category 0 is controlled according to the provisions of Category 0.

“Technology” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non-controlled goods.

The approval of goods for export also authorises the export to the same end-user of the minimum “technology” required for the installation, operation, maintenance and repair of the goods.

Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain” or to “basic scientific research”.

GENERAL TECHNOLOGY NOTE (GTN)

(To be read in conjunction with Section E of Categories 1 to 9.)

The export of “technology” which is “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods controlled in Categories 1 to 9, is controlled according to the provisions of Categories 1 to 9.

“Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non-controlled goods.

Controls do not apply to that “technology” which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those goods which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised.

Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain”, to “basic scientific research” or to the minimum necessary information for patent applications.

GENERAL SOFTWARE NOTE (GSN)

(This note overrides any control within Section D of Categories 0 to 9.)

Categories 0 to 9 of this list do not control “software” which is either:

EDITORIAL PRACTICES IN THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

In accordance with the rules set out in paragraph 6.5 on page 108 of the Interinstitutional style guide (2011 edition), in texts published in the Official Journal of the European Union in the English language:

The text reproduced in this Annex follows the above-described practice.

By contrast — and by way of information — in the original English version of the same text:

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS ANNEX

An acronym or abbreviation, when used as a defined term, will be found in “Definitions of Terms used in this Annex”.

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS ANNEX

Definitions of terms between ‘single quotation marks’ are given in a Technical Note to the relevant item.

Definitions of terms between “double quotation marks” are as follows:

“Accuracy” (2 6), usually measured in terms of inaccuracy, means the maximum deviation, positive or negative, of an indicated value from an accepted standard or true value.

“Active flight control systems” (7) are systems that function to prevent undesirable “aircraft” and missile motions or structural loads by autonomously processing outputs from multiple sensors and then providing necessary preventive commands to effect automatic control.

“Active pixel” (6 8) is a minimum (single) element of the solid state array which has a photoelectric transfer function when exposed to light (electromagnetic) radiation.

“Adapted for use in war” (1) means any modification or selection (such as altering purity, shelf life, virulence, dissemination characteristics, or resistance to UV radiation) designed to increase the effectiveness in producing casualties in humans or animals, degrading equipment or damaging crops or the environment.

“Adjusted Peak Performance” (4) is an adjusted peak rate at which “digital computers” perform 64-bit or larger floating point additions and multiplications, and is expressed in Weighted TeraFLOPS (WT) with units of 1012 adjusted floating point operations per second.

“Aircraft” (1 7 9) means a fixed wing, swivel wing, rotary wing (helicopter), tilt rotor or tilt-wing airborne vehicle.

“All compensations available” (2) means after all feasible measures available to the manufacturer to minimise all systematic positioning errors for the particular machine-tool model or measuring errors for the particular coordinate measuring machine are considered.

“Allocated by the ITU” (3 5) means the allocation of frequency bands according to the current edition of the ITU Radio Regulations for primary, permitted and secondary services.

“Angle random walk” (7) means the angular error build up with time that is due to white noise in angular rate. (IEEE STD 528-2001)

“Angular position deviation” (2) means the maximum difference between angular position and the actual, very accurately measured angular position after the workpiece mount of the table has been turned out of its initial position (ref. VDI/VDE 2617, Draft: ‘Rotary tables on coordinate measuring machines’).

“APP” (4) is equivalent to “Adjusted Peak Performance”.

“Asymmetric algorithm” (5) means a cryptographic algorithm using different, mathematically-related keys for encryption and decryption.

“Automatic target tracking” (6) means a processing technique that automatically determines and provides as output an extrapolated value of the most probable position of the target in real time.

“Average output power” (6) means the total “laser” output energy in joules divided by the “laser duration” in seconds.

“Basic gate propagation delay time” (3) means the propagation delay time value corresponding to the basic gate used in a “monolithic integrated circuit”. For a ‘family’ of “monolithic integrated circuits”, this may be specified either as the propagation delay time per typical gate within the given ‘family’ or as the typical propagation delay time per gate within the given ‘family’.

“Basic scientific research” (GTN NTN) means experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire new knowledge of the fundamental principles of phenomena or observable facts, not primarily directed towards a specific practical aim or objective.

“Bias” (accelerometer) (7) means the average over a specified time of accelerometer output, measured at specified operating conditions, that has no correlation with input acceleration or rotation. “Bias” is expressed in g or in metres per second squared (g or m/s2). (IEEE Std 528-2001) (Micro g equals 1 × 10–6 g)

“Bias” (gyro) (7) means the average over a specified time of gyro output measured at specified operating conditions that has no correlation with input rotation or acceleration. “Bias” is typically expressed in degrees per hour (deg/hr). (IEEE Std 528-2001)

“Camming” (2) means axial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle faceplate, at a point next to the circumference of the spindle faceplate (Reference: ISO 230/1 1986, paragraph 5.63).

“Carbon fibre preforms” (1) means an ordered arrangement of uncoated or coated fibres intended to constitute a framework of a part before the “matrix” is introduced to form a “composite”.

“CEP” (circle of equal probability) (7) is a measure of accuracy; the radius of the circle centred at the target, at a specific range, in which 50 % of the payloads impact.

“Chemical laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the excited species is produced by the output energy from a chemical reaction.

“Chemical mixture” (1) means a solid, liquid or gaseous product made up of two or more components which do not react together under the conditions under which the mixture is stored.

“Circulation-controlled anti-torque or circulation controlled direction control systems” (7) are systems that use air blown over aerodynamic surfaces to increase or control the forces generated by the surfaces.

“Civil aircraft” (1 3 4 7) means those “aircraft” listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by the civil aviation authorities to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or for legitimate civil, private or business use.

“Commingled” (1) means filament to filament blending of thermoplastic fibres and reinforcement fibres in order to produce a fibre reinforcement “matrix” mix in total fibre form.

“Comminution” (1) means a process to reduce a material to particles by crushing or grinding.

“Common channel signalling” (5) is a signalling method in which a single channel between exchanges conveys, by means of labelled messages, signalling information relating to a multiplicity of circuits or calls and other information such as that used for network management.

“Communications channel controller” (4) means the physical interface which controls the flow of synchronous or asynchronous digital information. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.

“Compensation systems” (6) consist of the primary scalar sensor, one or more reference sensors (e.g. vector magnetometers) together with software that permit reduction of rigid body rotation noise of the platform.

“Composite” (1 2 6 8 9) means a “matrix” and an additional phase or additional phases consisting of particles, whiskers, fibres or any combination thereof, present for a specific purpose or purposes.

“Compound rotary table” (2) means a table allowing the workpiece to rotate and tilt about two non-parallel axes, which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”.

“III/V compounds” (3 6) means polycrystalline or binary or complex monocrystalline products consisting of elements of groups IIIA and VA of Mendeleyev’s periodic classification table (e.g. gallium arsenide, gallium-aluminium arsenide, indium phosphide).

“Contouring control” (2) means two or more “numerically controlled” motions operating in accordance with instructions that specify the next required position and the required feed rates to that position. These feed rates are varied in relation to each other so that a desired contour is generated (ref. ISO/DIS 2806-1980).

“Critical temperature” (1 3 5) (sometimes referred to as the transition temperature) of a specific “superconductive” material means the temperature at which the material loses all resistance to the flow of direct electrical current.

“Cryptographic activation” (5) means any technique that activates or enables cryptographic capability, via a secure mechanism that is implemented by the manufacturer of the item and is uniquely bound to the item or customer for which the cryptographic capability is being activated or enabled (e.g. a serial number-based licence key or an authentication instrument such as a digitally signed certificate).

“Cryptographic activation” techniques and mechanisms may be implemented as hardware, “software” or “technology”.

“Cryptography” (5) means the discipline which embodies principles, means and methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification or prevent its unauthorised use. “Cryptography” is limited to the transformation of information using one or more ‘secret parameters’ (e.g. crypto variables) or associated key management.

“CW laser” (6) means a “laser” that produces a nominally constant output energy for greater than 0,25 seconds.

“Data-Based Referenced Navigation” (“DBRN”) (7) Systems means systems which use various sources of previously measured geo-mapping data integrated to provide accurate navigation information under dynamic conditions. Data sources include bathymetric maps, stellar maps, gravity maps, magnetic maps or 3-D digital terrain maps.

“Deformable mirrors” (6) (also known as adaptive optic mirrors) means mirrors having:

“Depleted uranium” (0) means uranium depleted in the isotope 235 below that occurring in nature.

“Development” (GTN NTN All) is related to all phases prior to serial production, such as: design, design research, design analyses, design concepts, assembly and testing of prototypes, pilot production schemes, design data, process of transforming design data into a product, configuration design, integration design, layouts.

“Diffusion bonding” (1 2 9) means a solid state molecular joining of at least two separate metals into a single piece with a joint strength equivalent to that of the weakest material.

“Digital computer” (4 5) means equipment which can, in the form of one or more discrete variables, perform all of the following:

“Digital transfer rate” (def) means the total bit rate of the information that is directly transferred on any type of medium.

“Direct-acting hydraulic pressing” (2) means a deformation process which uses a fluid-filled flexible bladder in direct contact with the workpiece.

“Drift rate” (gyro) (7) means the component of gyro output that is functionally independent of input rotation. It is expressed as an angular rate. (IEEE STD 528-2001)

“Dynamic signal analysers” (3) means “signal analysers” which use digital sampling and transformation techniques to form a Fourier spectrum display of the given waveform including amplitude and phase information.

“Effective gramme” (0 1) of “special fissile material” means:

“Electronic assembly” (2 3 4 5) means a number of electronic components (i.e. ‘circuit elements’, ‘discrete components’, integrated circuits, etc.) connected together to perform (a) specific function(s), replaceable as an entity and normally capable of being disassembled.

“Electronically steerable phased array antenna” (5 6) means an antenna which forms a beam by means of phase coupling, i.e. the beam direction is controlled by the complex excitation coefficients of the radiating elements and the direction of that beam can be varied in azimuth or in elevation, or both, by application, both in transmission and reception, of an electrical signal.

“Energetic materials” (1) means substances or mixtures that react chemically to release energy required for their intended application. “Explosives”, “pyrotechnics” and “propellants” are subclasses of energetic materials.

“End-effectors” (2) means grippers, ‘active tooling units’ and any other tooling that is attached to the baseplate on the end of a “robot” manipulator arm.

“Equivalent Density” (6) means the mass of an optic per unit optical area projected onto the optical surface.

“Expert systems” (7) mean systems providing results by application of rules to data which are stored independently of the “programme” and capable of any of the following:

“Explosives” (1) means solid, liquid or gaseous substances or mixtures of substances which, in their application as primary, booster, or main charges in warheads, demolition and other applications, are required to detonate.

“FADEC Systems” (7 9) means Full Authority Digital Engine Control Systems — A digital electronic control system for a gas turbine engine that is able to autonomously control the engine throughout its whole operating range from demanded engine start until demanded engine shut-down, in both normal and fault conditions.

“Fault tolerance” (4) is the capability of a computer system, after any malfunction of any of its hardware or “software” components, to continue to operate without human intervention, at a given level of service that provides: continuity of operation, data integrity and recovery of service within a given time.

“Fibrous or filamentary materials” (0 1 8) include:

“Film type integrated circuit” (3) means an array of ‘circuit elements’ and metallic interconnections formed by deposition of a thick or thin film on an insulating “substrate”.

“Fixed” (5) means that the coding or compression algorithm cannot accept externally supplied parameters (e.g. cryptographic or key variables) and cannot be modified by the user.

“Flight control optical sensor array” (7) is a network of distributed optical sensors, using “laser” beams, to provide real-time flight control data for on-board processing.

“Flight path optimisation” (7) is a procedure that minimises deviations from a four-dimensional (space and time) desired trajectory based on maximising performance or effectiveness for mission tasks.

“Focal plane array” (6 8) means a linear or two-dimensional planar layer, or combination of planar layers, of individual detector elements, with or without readout electronics, which work in the focal plane.

“Fractional bandwidth” (3 5) means the “instantaneous bandwidth” divided by the centre frequency, expressed as a percentage.

“Frequency hopping” (5) means a form of “spread spectrum” in which the transmission frequency of a single communication channel is made to change by a random or pseudo-random sequence of discrete steps.

“Frequency switching time” (3 5) means the time (i.e. delay) taken by a signal when switched from an initial specified output frequency, to arrive at or within ± 0,05 % of a final specified output frequency. Items having a specified frequency range of less than ± 0,05 % around their centre frequency are defined to be incapable of frequency switching.

“Frequency synthesiser” (3) means any kind of frequency source, regardless of the actual technique used, providing a multiplicity of simultaneous or alternative output frequencies, from one or more outputs, controlled by, derived from or disciplined by a lesser number of standard (or master) frequencies.

“Fuel cell” (8) is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy directly into Direct Current (DC) electricity by consuming fuel from an external source.

“Fusible” (1) means capable of being cross-linked or polymerised further (cured) by the use of heat, radiation, catalysts, etc., or that can be melted without pyrolysis (charring).

“Gas Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 micrometre diameter or less by a high pressure gas stream.

“Geographically dispersed” (6) is where each location is distant from any other more than 1 500 m in any direction. Mobile sensors are always considered “geographically dispersed”.

“Guidance set” (7) means systems that integrate the process of measuring and computing a vehicles position and velocity (i.e. navigation) with that of computing and sending commands to the vehicles flight control systems to correct the trajectory.

“Hot isostatic densification” (2) means the process of pressurising a casting at temperatures exceeding 375 K (102 °C) in a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal force in all directions to reduce or eliminate internal voids in the casting.

“Hybrid integrated circuit” (3) means any combination of integrated circuit(s), or integrated circuit with ‘circuit elements’ or ‘discrete components’ connected together to perform (a) specific function(s), and having all of the following characteristics:

“Image enhancement” (4) means the processing of externally derived information-bearing images by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g. fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform). This does not include algorithms using only linear or rotational transformation of a single image, such as translation, feature extraction, registration or false coloration.

“Immunotoxin” (1) is a conjugate of one cell specific monoclonal antibody and a “toxin” or “sub-unit of toxin”, that selectively affects diseased cells.

“In the public domain” (GTN NTN GSN), as it applies herein, means “technology” or “software” which has been made available without restrictions upon its further dissemination (copyright restrictions do not remove “technology” or “software” from being “in the public domain”).

“Information security” (4 5) is all the means and functions ensuring the accessibility, confidentiality or integrity of information or communications, excluding the means and functions intended to safeguard against malfunctions. This includes “cryptography”, “cryptographic activation”, ‘cryptanalysis’, protection against compromising emanations and computer security.

“Instantaneous bandwidth” (3 5 7) means the bandwidth over which output power remains constant within 3 dB without adjustment of other operating parameters.

“Instrumented range” (6) means the specified unambiguous display range of a radar.

“Insulation” (9) is applied to the components of a rocket motor, i.e. the case, nozzle, inlets, case closures, and includes cured or semi-cured compounded rubber sheet stock containing an insulating or refractory material. It may also be incorporated as stress relief boots or flaps.

“Interior lining” (9) is suited for the bond interface between the solid propellant and the case or insulating liner. Usually a liquid polymer based dispersion of refractory or insulating materials, e.g. carbon filled hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) or other polymer with added curing agents sprayed or screeded over a case interior.

“Intrinsic Magnetic Gradiometer” (6) is a single magnetic field gradient sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.

“Isolated live cultures” (1) includes live cultures in dormant form and in dried preparations.

“Isostatic presses” (2) mean equipment capable of pressurising a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal pressure in all directions within the cavity upon a workpiece or material.

“Laser” (0 2 3 5 6 7 8 9) is an assembly of components which produce both spatially and temporally coherent light that is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation.

“Laser duration” (def) means the time over which a “laser” emits “laser” radiation, which for “pulsed lasers” corresponds to the time over which a single pulse or series of consecutive pulses is emitted.

“Lighter-than-air vehicles” (9) means balloons and airships that rely on hot air or other lighter-than-air gases such as helium or hydrogen for their lift.

“Linearity” (2) (usually measured in terms of non-linearity) means the maximum deviation of the actual characteristic (average of upscale and downscale readings), positive or negative, from a straight line so positioned as to equalise and minimise the maximum deviations.

“Local area network” (4 5) is a data communication system having all of the following characteristics:

“Magnetic Gradiometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect the spatial variation of magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of multiple “magnetometers” and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.

“Magnetometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of a single magnetic field sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of the magnetic field.

“Main storage” (4) means the primary storage for data or instructions for rapid access by a central processing unit. It consists of the internal storage of a “digital computer” and any hierarchical extension thereto, such as cache storage or non-sequentially accessed extended storage.

“Materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” (0) may be copper, stainless steel, aluminium, aluminium oxide, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel and UF6-resistant fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers, as appropriate for the type of separation process.

“Matrix” (1 2 8 9) means a substantially continuous phase that fills the space between particles, whiskers or fibres.

“Measurement uncertainty” (2) is the characteristic parameter which specifies in what range around the output value the correct value of the measurable variable lies with a confidence level of 95 %. It includes the uncorrected systematic deviations, the uncorrected backlash and the random deviations (ref. ISO 10360-2, or VDI/VDE 2617).

“Mechanical Alloying” (1) means an alloying process resulting from the bonding, fracturing and rebonding of elemental and master alloy powders by mechanical impact. Non-metallic particles may be incorporated in the alloy by addition of the appropriate powders.

“Melt Extraction” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ and extract a ribbon-like alloy product by the insertion of a short segment of a rotating chilled block into a bath of a molten metal alloy.

“Melt Spinning” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ a molten metal stream impinging upon a rotating chilled block, forming a flake, ribbon or rod-like product.

“Microcomputer microcircuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or “multichip integrated circuit” containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing general purpose instructions from an internal storage, on data contained in the internal storage.

“Microprocessor microcircuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or “multichip integrated circuit” containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing a series of general purpose instructions from an external storage.

“Microorganisms” (1 2) means bacteria, viruses, mycoplasms, rickettsiae, chlamydiae or fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures.

“Missiles” (1 3 6 7 9) means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems, capable of delivering at least 500 kg payload to a range of at least 300 km.

“Monofilament” (1) or filament is the smallest increment of fibre, usually several micrometres in diameter.

“Monolithic integrated circuit” (3) means a combination of passive or active ‘circuit elements’ or both which:

“Monospectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of acquisition of imaging data from one discrete spectral band.

“Multichip integrated circuit” (3) means two or more “monolithic integrated circuits” bonded to a common “substrate”.

“Multispectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of simultaneous or serial acquisition of imaging data from two or more discrete spectral bands. Sensors having more than twenty discrete spectral bands are sometimes referred to as hyperspectral imaging sensors.

“Natural uranium” (0) means uranium containing the mixtures of isotopes occurring in nature.

“Network access controller” (4) means a physical interface to a distributed switching network. It uses a common medium which operates throughout at the same “digital transfer rate” using arbitration (e.g. token or carrier sense) for transmission. Independently from any other, it selects data packets or data groups (e.g. IEEE 802) addressed to it. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.

“Neural computer” (4) means a computational device designed or modified to mimic the behaviour of a neuron or a collection of neurons, i.e. a computational device which is distinguished by its hardware capability to modulate the weights and numbers of the interconnections of a multiplicity of computational components based on previous data.

“Nuclear reactor” (0) means a complete reactor capable of operation so as to maintain a controlled self-sustaining fission chain reaction. A “nuclear reactor” includes all the items within or attached directly to the reactor vessel, the equipment which controls the level of power in the core, and the components which normally contain, come into direct contact with or control the primary coolant of the reactor core.

“Numerical control” (2) means the automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data usually introduced as the operation is in progress (ref. ISO 2382).

“Object code” (9) means an equipment executable form of a convenient expression of one or more processes (“source code” (source language)) which has been compiled by programming system.

“Optical amplification” (5), in optical communications, means an amplification technique that introduces a gain of optical signals that have been generated by a separate optical source, without conversion to electrical signals, i.e. using semiconductor optical amplifiers, optical fibre luminescent amplifiers.

“Optical computer” (4) means a computer designed or modified to use light to represent data and whose computational logic elements are based on directly coupled optical devices.

“Optical integrated circuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or a “hybrid integrated circuit”, containing one or more parts designed to function as a photosensor or photoemitter or to perform (an) optical or (an) electro-optical function(s).

“Optical switching” (5) means the routing of or switching of signals in optical form without conversion to electrical signals.

“Overall current density” (3) means the total number of ampere-turns in the coil (i.e. the sum of the number of turns multiplied by the maximum current carried by each turn) divided by the total cross-section of the coil (comprising the superconducting filaments, the metallic matrix in which the superconducting filaments are embedded, the encapsulating material, any cooling channels, etc.).

“Participating state” (7 9) is a state participating in the Wassenaar Arrangement.

“Peak power” (6), means the highest level of power attained in the “laser duration”.

“Personal area network” (5) means a data communication system having all of the following characteristics:

:

‘Data device’ means equipment capable of transmitting or receiving sequences of digital information.

“Power management” (7) means changing the transmitted power of the altimeter signal so that received power at the “aircraft” altitude is always at the minimum necessary to determine the altitude.

“Pressure transducers” (2) are devices that convert pressure measurements into an electrical signal.

“Previously separated” (0 1) means the application of any process intended to increase the concentration of the controlled isotope.

“Primary flight control” (7) means an “aircraft” stability or manoeuvring control using force/moment generators, i.e. aerodynamic control surfaces or propulsive thrust vectoring.

“Principal element” (4), as it applies in Category 4, is a “principal element” when its replacement value is more than 35 % of the total value of the system of which it is an element. Element value is the price paid for the element by the manufacturer of the system, or by the system integrator. Total value is the normal international selling price to unrelated parties at the point of manufacture or consolidation of shipment.

“Production” (GTN NTN All) means all production phases, such as: construction, production engineering, manufacture, integration, assembly (mounting), inspection, testing, quality assurance.

“Production equipment” (1 7 9) means tooling, templates, jigs, mandrels, moulds, dies, fixtures, alignment mechanisms, test equipment, other machinery and components therefor, limited to those specially designed or modified for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.

“Production facilities” (7 9) means “production equipment” and specially designed software therefor integrated into installations for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.

“Programme” (2 6) means a sequence of instructions to carry out a process in, or convertible into, a form executable by an electronic computer.

“Pulse compression” (6) means the coding and processing of a radar signal pulse of long time duration to one of short time duration, while maintaining the benefits of high pulse energy.

“Pulse duration” (6) is the duration of a “laser” pulse measured at Full Width Half Intensity (FWHI) levels.

“Pulsed laser” (6) means a “laser” having a “pulse duration” that is less than or equal to 0,25 seconds.

“Quantum cryptography” (5) means a family of techniques for the establishment of shared key for “cryptography” by measuring the quantum-mechanical properties of a physical system (including those physical properties explicitly governed by quantum optics, quantum field theory or quantum electrodynamics).

“Radar frequency agility” (6) means any technique which changes, in a pseudo-random sequence, the carrier frequency of a pulsed radar transmitter between pulses or between groups of pulses by an amount equal to or larger than the pulse bandwidth.

“Radar spread spectrum” (6) means any modulation technique for spreading energy originating from a signal with a relatively narrow frequency band, over a much wider band of frequencies, by using random or pseudo-random coding.

“Radiant sensitivity” (6) is Radiant sensitivity (mA/W) = 0,807 × (wavelength in nm) × Quantum Efficiency (QE).

:

QE is usually expressed as a percentage; however, for the purposes of this formula QE is expressed as a decimal number less than one, e.g. 78 % is 0,78.

“Real-time bandwidth” (3) for “dynamic signal analysers” is the widest frequency range which the analyser can output to display or mass storage without causing any discontinuity in the analysis of the input data. For analysers with more than one channel, the channel configuration yielding the widest “real-time bandwidth” shall be used to make the calculation.

“Real-time processing” (2 6 7) means the processing of data by a computer system providing a required level of service, as a function of available resources, within a guaranteed response time, regardless of the load of the system, when stimulated by an external event.

“Repeatability” (7) means the closeness of agreement among repeated measurements of the same variable under the same operating conditions when changes in conditions or non-operating periods occur between measurements (Reference: IEEE STD 528-2001 (one sigma standard deviation)).

“Required” (GTN 1-9), as applied to “technology”, refers to only that portion of “technology” which is peculiarly responsible for achieving or extending the controlled performance levels, characteristics or functions. Such “required” “technology” may be shared by different goods.

“Resolution” (2) means the least increment of a measuring device; on digital instruments, the least significant bit (ref. ANSI B-89.1.12).

“Riot control agent” (1) means substances which, under the expected conditions of use for riot control purposes, produce rapidly in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure.

:

Tear gases are a subset of “riot control agents”.

“Robot” (2 8) means a manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point-to-point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:

“Rotary atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 micrometer or less by centrifugal force.

“Roving” (1) is a bundle (typically 12-120) of approximately parallel ‘strands’.

“Run-out” (2) (out-of-true running) means radial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis at a point on the external or internal revolving surface to be tested (Reference: ISO 230/1 1986, paragraph 5.61).

“Scale factor” (gyro or accelerometer) (7) means the ratio of change in output to a change in the input intended to be measured. Scale factor is generally evaluated as the slope of the straight line that can be fitted by the method of least squares to input-output data obtained by varying the input cyclically over the input range.

“Settling time” (3) means the time required for the output to come within one-half bit of the final value when switching between any two levels of the converter.

“SHPL” is equivalent to “super high power laser”.

“Signal analysers” (3) means apparatus capable of measuring and displaying basic properties of the single-frequency components of multi-frequency signals.

“Signal processing” (3 4 5 6) means the processing of externally derived information-bearing signals by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g. fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform).

“Software” (GSN All) means a collection of one or more “programmes” or ‘microprogrammes’ fixed in any tangible medium of expression.

“Source code” (or source language) (6 7 9) is a convenient expression of one or more processes which may be turned by a programming system into equipment executable form (“object code” (or object language)).

“Spacecraft” (7 9) means active and passive satellites and space probes.

“Space-qualified” (3 6 8) refers to products designed, manufactured and tested to meet the special electrical, mechanical or environmental requirements for use in the launch and deployment of satellites or high altitude flight systems operating at altitudes of 100 km or higher.

“Special fissile material” (0) means plutonium-239, uranium-233, “uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233”, and any material containing the foregoing.

“Specific modulus” (0 1 9) is Young’s modulus in pascals, equivalent to N/m2 divided by specific weight in N/m3, measured at a temperature of (296 ± 2) K ((23 ± 2) °C) and a relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %.

“Specific tensile strength” (0 1 9) is ultimate tensile strength in pascals, equivalent to N/m2 divided by specific weight in N/m3, measured at a temperature of (296 ± 2) K ((23 ± 2) °C) and a relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %.

“Splat Quenching” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake-like product.

“Spread spectrum” (5) means the technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow-band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum.

“Spread spectrum” radar (6) — see “Radar spread spectrum”

“Stability” (7) means the standard deviation (1 sigma) of the variation of a particular parameter from its calibrated value measured under stable temperature conditions. This can be expressed as a function of time.

“States (not) Party to the Chemical Weapon Convention” (1) are those states for which the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons has (not) entered into force.

“Substrate” (3) means a sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which ‘discrete components’ or integrated circuits or both can be located.

“Substrate blanks” (6) means monolithic compounds with dimensions suitable for the production of optical elements such as mirrors or optical windows.

“Sub-unit of toxin” (1) is a structurally and functionally discrete component of a whole “toxin”.

“Superalloys” (2 9) means nickel-, cobalt- or iron-base alloys having strengths superior to any alloys in the AISI 300 series at temperatures over 922 K (649 °C) under severe environmental and operating conditions.

“Superconductive” (1 3 5 6 8) means materials, i.e. metals, alloys or compounds, which can lose all electrical resistance, i.e. which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large electrical currents without Joule heating.

“Super High Power Laser” (“SHPL”) (6) means a “laser” capable of delivering (the total or any portion of) the output energy exceeding 1 kJ within 50 ms or having an average or CW power exceeding 20 kW.

“Superplastic forming” (1 2) means a deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20 %) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values.

“Symmetric algorithm” (5) means a cryptographic algorithm using an identical key for both encryption and decryption.

“System tracks” (6) means processed, correlated (fusion of radar target data to flight plan position) and updated aircraft flight position report available to the Air Traffic Control centre controllers.

“Systolic array computer” (4) means a computer where the flow and modification of the data is dynamically controllable at the logic gate level by the user.

“Tape” (1) is a material constructed of interlaced or unidirectional “monofilaments”, ‘strands’, “rovings”, “tows”, or “yarns”, etc., usually preimpregnated with resin.

“Technology” (GTN NTN All) means specific information necessary for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods. This information takes the form of ‘technical data’ or ‘technical assistance’.

“Tilting spindle” (2) means a tool-holding spindle which alters, during the machining process, the angular position of its centre line with respect to any other axis.

“Time constant” (6) is the time taken from the application of a light stimulus for the current increment to reach a value of 1-1/e times the final value (i.e. 63 % of the final value).

“Tip shroud” (9) means a stationary ring component (solid or segmented) attached to the inner surface of the engine turbine casing or a feature at the outer tip of the turbine blade, which primarily provides a gas seal between the stationary and rotating components.

“Total control of flight” (7) means an automated control of “aircraft” state variables and flight path to meet mission objectives responding to real-time changes in data regarding objectives, hazards or other “aircraft”.

“Total digital transfer rate” (5) means the number of bits, including line coding, overhead and so forth per unit time passing between corresponding equipment in a digital transmission system.

“Tow” (1) is a bundle of “monofilaments”, usually approximately parallel.

“Toxins” (1 2) means toxins in the form of deliberately isolated preparations or mixtures, no matter how produced, other than toxins present as contaminants of other materials such as pathological specimens, crops, foodstuffs or seed stocks of “microorganisms”.

“Transfer laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the lasing species is excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non-lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.

“Tunable” (6) means the ability of a “laser” to produce a continuous output at all wavelengths over a range of several “laser” transitions. A line selectable “laser” produces discrete wavelengths within one “laser” transition and is not considered “tunable”.

“Unmanned Aerial Vehicle” (“UAV”) (9) means any aircraft capable of initiating flight and sustaining controlled flight and navigation without any human presence on board.

“Uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233” (0) means uranium containing the isotopes 235 or 233, or both, in an amount such that the abundance ratio of the sum of these isotopes to the isotope 238 is more than the ratio of the isotope 235 to the isotope 238 occurring in nature (isotopic ratio 0,71 per cent).

“Use” (GTN NTN All) means operation, installation (including on-site installation), maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul and refurbishing.

“User accessible programmability” (6) means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace “programmes” by means other than:

“Vaccine” (1) is a medicinal product in a pharmaceutical formulation licensed by, or having marketing or clinical trial authorisation from, the regulatory authorities of either the country of manufacture or of use, which is intended to stimulate a protective immunological response in humans or animals in order to prevent disease in those to whom or to which it is administered.

“Vacuum Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 micrometre or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.

“Variable geometry airfoils” (7) means the use of trailing edge flaps or tabs, or leading edge slats or pivoted nose droop, the position of which can be controlled in flight.

“Yarn” (1) is a bundle of twisted ‘strands’.

CATEGORY 0

NUCLEAR MATERIALS, FACILITIES, AND EQUIPMENT

0A

Systems, Equipment and Components

0A001

“Nuclear reactors” and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:

0B

Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

0B001

Plant for the separation of isotopes of “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” and “special fissile materials”, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:

0B002

Specially designed or prepared auxiliary systems, equipment and components, as follows, for isotope separation plant specified in 0B001, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”:

0B003

Plant for the conversion of uranium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:

0B004

Plant for the production or concentration of heavy water, deuterium and deuterium compounds and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:

0B005

Plant specially designed for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements and specially designed or prepared equipment therefor.

0B006

Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor.

0B007

Plant for the conversion of plutonium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:

0C

Materials

0C001

“Natural uranium” or “depleted uranium” or thorium in the form of metal, alloy, chemical compound or concentrate and any other material containing one or more of the foregoing;

0C002

“Special fissile materials”

0C003

Deuterium, heavy water (deuterium oxide) and other compounds of deuterium, and mixtures and solutions containing deuterium, in which the isotopic ratio of deuterium to hydrogen exceeds 1:5 000.

0C004

Graphite, nuclear grade, having a purity level of less than 5 parts per million ‘boron equivalent’ and with a density greater than 1,5 g/cm3.

0C005

Specially prepared compounds or powders for the manufacture of gaseous diffusion barriers, resistant to corrosion by UF6 (e.g. nickel or alloy containing 60 weight per cent or more nickel, aluminium oxide and fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers), having a purity of 99,9 weight per cent or more and a mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard and a high degree of particle size uniformity.

0D

Software

0D001

“Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.

0E

Technology

0E001

“Technology” according to the Nuclear Technology Note for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.

CATEGORY 1

SPECIAL MATERIALS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT

1A

Systems, Equipment and Components

1A001

Components made from fluorinated compounds, as follows:

1A002

“Composite” structures or laminates, having any of the following:

1A003

Manufactures of non-“fusible” aromatic polyimides in film, sheet, tape or ribbon form having any of the following:

1A004

Protective and detection equipment and components, other than those specified in military goods controls, as follows:

:

‘Trace detection’ is defined as the capability to detect less than 1 ppm vapour, or 1 mg solid or liquid.

:

1A005

Body armour, and specially designed components therefor, other than those manufactured to military standards or specifications or to their equivalents in performance.

1A006

Equipment, specially designed or modified for the disposal of improvised explosive devices, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

:

‘Disruptors’ are devices specially designed for the purpose of preventing the operation of an explosive device by projecting a liquid, solid or frangible projectile.

1A007

Equipment and devices, specially designed to initiate charges and devices containing “energetic materials”, by electrical means, as follows:

:

1A008

Charges, devices and components, as follows:

:

‘Shaped charges’ are explosive charges shaped to focus the effects of the explosive blast.

1A102

Resaturated pyrolised carbon-carbon components designed for space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.

1A202

Composite structures, other than those specified in 1A002, in the form of tubes and having both of the following characteristics:

1A225

Platinised catalysts specially designed or prepared for promoting the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen and water for the recovery of tritium from heavy water or for the production of heavy water.

1A226

Specialised packings which may be used in separating heavy water from ordinary water, having both of the following characteristics:

1A227

High-density (lead glass or other) radiation shielding windows, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed frames therefor:

:

In 1A227 the term ‘cold area’ means the viewing area of the window exposed to the lowest level of radiation in the design application.

1B

Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

1B001

Equipment for the production or inspection of “composite” structures or laminates specified in 1A002 or “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

:

For the purpose of 1B001, ‘primary servo positioning’ axes control, under computer program direction, the position of the end effector (i.e. head) in space relative to the work piece at the correct orientation and direction to achieve the desired process.

1B002

Equipment for producing metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials, specially designed to avoid contamination and specially designed for use in one of the processes specified in 1C002.c.2.

1B003

Tools, dies, moulds or fixtures, for “superplastic forming” or “diffusion bonding” titanium, aluminium or their alloys, specially designed for the manufacture of any of the following:

1B101

Equipment, other than that specified in 1B001, for the “production” of structural composites as follows; and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

1B102

Metal powder “production equipment”, other than that specified in 1B002, and components as follows:

1B115

Equipment, other than that specified in 1B002 or 1B102, for the production of propellant and propellant constituents, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

1B116

Specially designed nozzles for producing pyrolitically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1 573 K (1 300 °C) to 3 173 K (2 900 °C) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa.

1B117

Batch mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13,326 kPa and with temperature control capability of the mixing chamber and having all of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

1B118

Continuous mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13,326 kPa and with a temperature control capability of the mixing chamber having any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

1B119

Fluid energy mills usable for grinding or milling substances specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in the Military Goods Controls, and specially designed components therefor.

1B201

Filament winding machines, other than those specified in 1B001 or 1B101, and related equipment, as follows:

1B225

Electrolytic cells for fluorine production with an output capacity greater than 250 g of fluorine per hour.

1B226

Electromagnetic isotope separators designed for, or equipped with, single or multiple ion sources capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater.

1B227

Ammonia synthesis converters or ammonia synthesis units, in which the synthesis gas (nitrogen and hydrogen) is withdrawn from an ammonia/hydrogen high-pressure exchange column and the synthesised ammonia is returned to said column.

1B228

Hydrogen-cryogenic distillation columns having all of the following characteristics:

1B229

Water-hydrogen sulphide exchange tray columns and ‘internal contactors’, as follows:

1B230

Pumps capable of circulating solutions of concentrated or dilute potassium amide catalyst in liquid ammonia (KNH2/NH3), having all of the following characteristics:

1B231

Tritium facilities or plants, and equipment therefor, as follows:

1B232

Turboexpanders or turboexpander-compressor sets having both of the following characteristics:

1B233

Lithium isotope separation facilities or plants, and equipment therefor, as follows:

1C

Materials

:

Metals and alloys:

Unless provision to the contrary is made, the words ‘metals’ and ‘alloys’ in 1C001 to 1C012 cover crude and semi-fabricated forms, as follows:

The object of the control should not be defeated by the export of non-listed forms alleged to be finished products but representing in reality crude forms or semi-fabricated forms.

1C001

Materials specially designed for use as absorbers of electromagnetic waves, or intrinsically conductive polymers, as follows:

1C002

Metal alloys, metal alloy powder and alloyed materials, as follows:

:

1C003

Magnetic metals, of all types and of whatever form, having any of the following:

1C004

Uranium titanium alloys or tungsten alloys with a “matrix” based on iron, nickel or copper, having all of the following:

1C005

“Superconductive” “composite” conductors in lengths exceeding 100 m or with a mass exceeding 100 g, as follows:

1C006

Fluids and lubricating materials, as follows:

:

For the purpose of 1C006:

1C007

Ceramic base materials, non-“composite” ceramic materials, ceramic-“matrix” “composite” materials and precursor materials, as follows:

1C008

Non-fluorinated polymeric substances as follows:

:

The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for 1C008 materials is determined using the method described in ISO 11357-2 (1999) or national equivalents. In addition, for 1C008.a.2. materials, ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ is determined on a PAI test specimen having initially been cured at a minimum temperature of 310 °C for a minimum of 15 minutes.

1C009

Unprocessed fluorinated compounds as follows:

1C010

“Fibrous or filamentary materials”, as follows:

1C011

Metals and compounds, as follows:

1C012

Materials as follows:

:

These materials are typically used for nuclear heat sources.

1C101

Materials and devices for reduced observables such as radar reflectivity, ultraviolet/infrared signatures and acoustic signatures, other than those specified in 1C001, usable in ‘missiles’, “missile” subsystems or unmanned aerial vehicles specified in 9A012.

:

In 1C101 ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems capable of a range exceeding 300 km.

1C102

Resaturated pyrolised carbon-carbon materials designed for space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.

1C107

Graphite and ceramic materials, other than those specified in 1C007, as follows:

1C111

Propellants and constituent chemicals for propellants, other than those specified in 1C011, as follows:

1C116

Maraging steels having an ultimate tensile strength of 1 500 MPa or greater, measured at 293 K (20 °C), in the form of sheet, plate or tubing with a wall or plate thickness equal to or less than 5 mm.

:

Maraging steels are iron alloys generally characterised by high nickel, very low carbon content and the use of substitutional elements or precipitates to produce strengthening and age-hardening of the alloy.

1C117

Materials for the fabrication of ‘missiles’ components as follows

:

In 1C117 ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems capable of a range exceeding 300 km.

1C118

Titanium-stabilised duplex stainless steel (Ti-DSS) having all of the following:

1C202

Alloys, other than those specified in 1C002.b.3. or.b.4., as follows:

:

The phrase alloys ‘capable of’ encompasses alloys before or after heat treatment.

1C210

‘Fibrous or filamentary materials’ or prepregs, other than those specified in 1C010.a., b. or e., as follows:

1C216

Maraging steel, other than that specified in 1C116, ‘capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 2 050 MPa or more, at 293 K (20 °C).

:

The phrase maraging steel ‘capable of’ encompasses maraging steel before or after heat treatment.

1C225

Boron enriched in the boron-10 (10B) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, as follows: elemental boron, compounds, mixtures containing boron, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

:

The natural isotopic abundance of boron-10 is approximately 18,5 weight per cent (20 atom per cent).

1C226

Tungsten, tungsten carbide, and alloys containing more than 90 % tungsten by weight, other than that specified by 1C117, having both of the following characteristics:

1C227

Calcium having both of the following characteristics:

1C228

Magnesium having both of the following characteristics:

1C229

Bismuth having both of the following characteristics:

1C230

Beryllium metal, alloys containing more than 50 % beryllium by weight, beryllium compounds, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing, other than that specified in the Military Goods Controls.

1C231

Hafnium metal, alloys containing more than 60 % hafnium by weight, hafnium compounds containing more than 60 % hafnium by weight, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

1C232

Helium-3 (3He), mixtures containing helium-3, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.

1C233

Lithium enriched in the lithium-6 (6Li) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, and products or devices containing enriched lithium, as follows: elemental lithium, alloys, compounds, mixtures containing lithium, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

:

The natural isotopic abundance of lithium-6 is approximately 6,5 weight per cent (7,5 atom per cent).

1C234

Zirconium with a hafnium content of less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight, as follows: metal, alloys containing more than 50 % zirconium by weight, compounds, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

1C235

Tritium, tritium compounds, mixtures containing tritium in which the ratio of tritium to hydrogen atoms exceeds 1 part in 1 000, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.

1C236

Alpha-emitting radionuclides having an alpha half-life of 10 days or greater but less than 200 years, in the following forms:

1C237

Radium-226 (226Ra), radium-226 alloys, radium-226 compounds, mixtures containing radium-226, manufactures therof, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.

1C238

Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3).

1C239

High explosives, other than those specified in the Military Goods Controls, or substances or mixtures containing more than 2 % by weight thereof, with a crystal density greater than 1,8 g/cm3 and having a detonation velocity greater than 8 000 m/s.

1C240

Nickel powder and porous nickel metal, other than those specified in 0C005, as follows:

: