COM(2005)627 - The support of electricity from renewable energy sources

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Contents

  1. Key information
  2. Key dates
  3. Related information
  4. Full version
  5. EU Monitor

1.

Key information

official title

Communication from the Commission - The support of electricity from renewable energy sources
 
Legal instrument Communication
reference by COM-number99 COM(2005)627 EN
Additional COM-numbers SEC(2005)1571
CELEX number102 52005DC0627

2.

Key dates

Document 07-12-2005
Online publication 07-12-2005

3.

Related information

 

4.

Full version

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5.

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  • 1. 
    Directive 2001/77/EC of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energies sources in the internal electricity market (OJ L 283, 27.10.2001, p. 33). The date for the implementation of this Directive was October 2003 and for the new Member States, 1 May 2004.

     
  • 2. 
    The average level for 2003 and 2004 is used. In the feed-in system, the support price level is equal to the value of the tariff. The source for generation costs used in this Communication is Green-X.

     
  • 3. 
    The potential should be read as the
     
  • 4. 
    Wind on-shore cost varies between
     
  • 5. 
    The support level for Wind on-shore cost varies between
     
  • 6. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 7. 
    The big question is how the green certificate price will evolve in the coming years. The analyses shown in this document are based on a constant value for the certificates.

     
  • 8. 
    Biomass use of straw is included in the analyses of the biomass forestry although by origin it is not a forestry product. Denmark is the main country using this type of biomass.

     
  • 9. 
    Biogas includes all the fermentation processes of biomass: biogas with Co-fermentation, sewage and landfill gas

     
  • 10. 
    Agriculture biogas is the result of the specific treatment of waste from animal and plant production or from specific energy crops. Landfill biogas involves the extraction of methane from dumped wastes.

     
  • 11. 
    OJ C 37, 3.2.2001, p. 3

     
  • 12. 
    Unbundling is described in Directive 2003/54/EC as follows: in order to ensure efficient and non-discriminatory network access, the distribution and transmission systems must be operated by entities which are legally and functionally separated especially from generation and supply activities.

     
  • 13. 
    The closing time for power markets for receiving bids from electricity producers.

     
  • 14. 
    UK has green certificates as the main support scheme for renewables. DK and Spain have feed-in tariffs.

     
  • 15. 
    To recall, a premium system is normally classified as feed-in system although there are differences: a premium is applied to RES-E generators on the top of the spot market price. The final price paid to RES-E fluctuates with the normal electricity spot market.

     
  • 16. 
    The feed-in system in Spain includes charges for the deviation in electricity production for RES generators
     
  • 17. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 18. 
    Currently around 11% of all electricity is the subject of physical cross-border trade in Europe.

     
  • 19. 
    NIMBY-ism is the acronym of
     
  • 20. 
    The stakeholder consultation consisted of a web-based questionnaire and follow-up interviews. This process is described in the Impact Assessment accompanying this Communication.

     
  • 21. 
    This period applies in the Netherlands and Scotland.

     
  • 22. 
    The British Wind Energy Association publishes yearly approval rates: the last year, 2004, had a 80% approval rate.

     
  • 23. 
    See Court of Justice, judgment 20/2/2001 C-205/99,
     
  • 24. 
    Article 5 of Directive 2001/77/EC.

     
  • 25. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 26. 
    Directive 2003/54/EC concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity and repealing Directive 96/92/EC.

     
  • 27. 
    Directive 2003/96/EC for the taxation of energy products and electricity (OJ L 283, 31.10.2003, p. 51).

     
  • 28. 
    Romania has set up a target for passing from 28% to 33% by 2010 and Bulgaria from 6% to 11% by 2010.

     
  • 29. 
    TGC = tradable green certificates.

     
  • 30. 
    The source of the indicators for Annexes 3 and 4 is the work carried out under the OPTRES contract of the European Commission, Contract EIE-2003-073.

     
  • 31. 
    The period of seven years applies to the case of wind energy and PV.

     
  • 32. 
    As the remaining potential decreases every year that more renewable electricity is generated, the complete figure is 17% instead of 18% (3% x 6 years).

     
  • 33. 
    Germany wind onshore: tariff
     
  • 34. 
    The DK system is now concentrating on re-powering (replacement of old turbines by more efficient ones) and offshore which is not included in this text.

     
  • 35. 
    For Poland no figures are shown since a green certificate price cannot yet be given.

     
  • 36. 
    Biogas includes all biomass fermentation processes: biogas with co-fermentation, sewage and landfill gas.

     
  • 37. 
    Paid for new installations until December 2004. The system has now stopped.

     
  • 38. 
    The total level of support in the UK is about:
     
  • 39. 
    The total level of support in the UK is about:
     
  • 40. 
    The support for combined heat and power (CHP) is not included in this figure.

     
  • 41. 
    Countries with a high effectiveness in wind energy have an indicator between 6-8%. For biomass, the top figures are around 4%.

     
  • 42. 
    Communication on the share of renewable energy in the EU - COM(2004) 366.

     
  • 43. 
    This assumption might be questionable because certificate prices might reduce as the certificate markets in those countries mature. However, only very little knowledge exists about the temporal development of prices in these markets.

     
  • 44. 
    For Germany only, an interest rate of 4% was used based on the soft loans granted.

     
  • 45. 
    Some Member States
     
  • 46. 
    Again, as in the case of wind, the reference year for both effectiveness indicators and the expected annuity is 2003.

     
  • 47. 
    CHP = Combined Heat and Power generation.

     
  • 48. 
    The structure of the electricity tariff varies between countries in Europe. The figures included in this table are based on data from Member States and further elaborated by Commission services in order to compare different countries.

     
  • 49. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 50. 
    Directive 2001/77/EC of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energies sources in the internal electricity market (OJ L 283, 27.10.2001, p. 33). The date for the implementation of this Directive was October 2003 and for the new Member States, 1 May 2004.

     
  • 51. 
    The average level for 2003 and 2004 is used. In the feed-in system, the support price level is equal to the value of the tariff. The source for generation costs used in this Communication is Green-X.

     
  • 52. 
    The potential should be read as the
     
  • 53. 
    Wind on-shore cost varies between
     
  • 54. 
    The support level for Wind on-shore cost varies between
     
  • 55. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 56. 
    The big question is how the green certificate price will evolve in the coming years. The analyses shown in this document are based on a constant value for the certificates.

     
  • 57. 
    Biomass use of straw is included in the analyses of the biomass forestry although by origin it is not a forestry product. Denmark is the main country using this type of biomass.

     
  • 58. 
    Biogas includes all the fermentation processes of biomass: biogas with Co-fermentation, sewage and landfill gas

     
  • 59. 
    Agriculture biogas is the result of the specific treatment of waste from animal and plant production or from specific energy crops. Landfill biogas involves the extraction of methane from dumped wastes.

     
  • 60. 
    OJ C 37, 3.2.2001, p. 3

     
  • 61. 
    Unbundling is described in Directive 2003/54/EC as follows: in order to ensure efficient and non-discriminatory network access, the distribution and transmission systems must be operated by entities which are legally and functionally separated especially from generation and supply activities.

     
  • 62. 
    The closing time for power markets for receiving bids from electricity producers.

     
  • 63. 
    UK has green certificates as the main support scheme for renewables. DK and Spain have feed-in tariffs.

     
  • 64. 
    To recall, a premium system is normally classified as feed-in system although there are differences: a premium is applied to RES-E generators on the top of the spot market price. The final price paid to RES-E fluctuates with the normal electricity spot market.

     
  • 65. 
    The feed-in system in Spain includes charges for the deviation in electricity production for RES generators
     
  • 66. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 67. 
    Currently around 11% of all electricity is the subject of physical cross-border trade in Europe.

     
  • 68. 
    NIMBY-ism is the acronym of
     
  • 69. 
    The stakeholder consultation consisted of a web-based questionnaire and follow-up interviews. This process is described in the Impact Assessment accompanying this Communication.

     
  • 70. 
    This period applies in the Netherlands and Scotland.

     
  • 71. 
    The British Wind Energy Association publishes yearly approval rates: the last year, 2004, had a 80% approval rate.

     
  • 72. 
    See Court of Justice, judgment 20/2/2001 C-205/99,
     
  • 73. 
    Article 5 of Directive 2001/77/EC.

     
  • 74. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 75. 
    Directive 2003/54/EC concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity and repealing Directive 96/92/EC.

     
  • 76. 
    Directive 2003/96/EC for the taxation of energy products and electricity (OJ L 283, 31.10.2003, p. 51).

     
  • 77. 
    Romania has set up a target for passing from 28% to 33% by 2010 and Bulgaria from 6% to 11% by 2010.

     
  • 78. 
    TGC = tradable green certificates.

     
  • 79. 
    The source of the indicators for Annexes 3 and 4 is the work carried out under the OPTRES contract of the European Commission, Contract EIE-2003-073.

     
  • 80. 
    The period of seven years applies to the case of wind energy and PV.

     
  • 81. 
    As the remaining potential decreases every year that more renewable electricity is generated, the complete figure is 17% instead of 18% (3% x 6 years).

     
  • 82. 
    Germany wind onshore: tariff
     
  • 83. 
    The DK system is now concentrating on re-powering (replacement of old turbines by more efficient ones) and offshore which is not included in this text.

     
  • 84. 
    For Poland no figures are shown since a green certificate price cannot yet be given.

     
  • 85. 
    Biogas includes all biomass fermentation processes: biogas with co-fermentation, sewage and landfill gas.

     
  • 86. 
    Paid for new installations until December 2004. The system has now stopped.

     
  • 87. 
    The total level of support in the UK is about:
     
  • 88. 
    The total level of support in the UK is about:
     
  • 89. 
    The support for combined heat and power (CHP) is not included in this figure.

     
  • 90. 
    Countries with a high effectiveness in wind energy have an indicator between 6-8%. For biomass, the top figures are around 4%.

     
  • 91. 
    Communication on the share of renewable energy in the EU - COM(2004) 366.

     
  • 92. 
    This assumption might be questionable because certificate prices might reduce as the certificate markets in those countries mature. However, only very little knowledge exists about the temporal development of prices in these markets.

     
  • 93. 
    For Germany only, an interest rate of 4% was used based on the soft loans granted.

     
  • 94. 
    Some Member States
     
  • 95. 
    Again, as in the case of wind, the reference year for both effectiveness indicators and the expected annuity is 2003.

     
  • 96. 
    CHP = Combined Heat and Power generation.

     
  • 97. 
    The structure of the electricity tariff varies between countries in Europe. The figures included in this table are based on data from Member States and further elaborated by Commission services in order to compare different countries.

     
  • 98. 
    The support level for biomass is linked more to other factors like the policy choice (big or small plants, with or without
     
  • 99. 
    De Europese Commissie kent nummers toe aan officiële documenten van de Europese Unie. De Commissie maakt onderscheid in een aantal typen documenten door middel van het toekennen van verschillende nummerseries. Het onderscheid is gebaseerd op het soort document en/of de instelling van de Unie van wie het document afkomstig is.
     
  • 100. 
    De Raad van de Europese Unie kent aan wetgevingsdossiers een uniek toe. Dit nummer bestaat uit een vijfcijferig volgnummer gevolgd door een schuine streep met de laatste twee cijfers van het jaartal, bijvoorbeeld 12345/00 - een document met nummer 12345 uit het jaar 2000.
     
  • 101. 
    Het interinstitutionele nummer is een nummerreeks die binnen de Europese Unie toegekend wordt aan voorstellen voor regelgeving van de Europese Commissie.
    Binnen de Europese Unie worden nog een aantal andere nummerseries gebruikt. Iedere instelling heeft één of meerdere sets documenten met ieder een eigen nummering. Die reeksen komen niet overeen met elkaar of het interinstitutioneel nummer.
     
  • 102. 
    Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
     
  • 103. 
    Als dag van bekendmaking van een Europees besluit geldt de dag waarop het besluit in het Publicatieblad wordt bekendgemaakt, en daardoor in alle officiële talen van de Europese Unie bij het Publicatiebureau beschikbaar is.