Regulation 2023/2405 - Ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport (ReFuelEU Aviation) - Main contents
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Regulation (EU) 2023/2405 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 October 2023 on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport (ReFuelEU Aviation)| Legal instrument | Regulation |
|---|---|
| Number legal act | Regulation 2023/2405 |
| Original proposal | COM(2021)561  |
| CELEX number i | 32023R2405 |
| Document | 18-10-2023; Date of signature |
|---|---|
| Signature | 18-10-2023 |
| Effect | 20-11-2023; Entry into force Date pub. +20 See Art 18 01-01-2024; Application See Art 18 01-01-2025; Application Partial application See Art 18 |
| Deadline | 01-01-2027; Review See Art 17.1 |
| End of validity | 31-12-9999 |
Official Journal of the European Union |
EN Series L |
2023/2405 |
31.10.2023 |
REGULATION (EU) 2023/2405 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 18 October 2023
on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport (ReFuelEU Aviation)
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 100(2) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),
After consulting the Committee of the Regions,
Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (2),
Whereas:
(1) |
Over the past decades, air transport has played a crucial role in the Union’s economy and in the everyday lives of Union citizens, as one of the best performing and most dynamic sectors of the Union economy. It has been a strong driver for economic growth, jobs, trade and tourism, as well as for connectivity and mobility for businesses and citizens alike, and one of the main connectors between outermost regions and the mainland, particularly within the Union air transport market. Growth in air transport services has significantly contributed to improving connectivity, fostering cohesion, and reducing regional disparities within the Union, in particular for peripheral, outermost, sparsely populated and insular regions, as well as with third countries, and has been a significant enabler of the Union economy. |
(2) |
From 2020, air transport has been one of the hardest hit sector by the COVID-19 crisis. It is expected that air traffic will gradually resume in the coming years and recover to its pre-crisis levels. The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) estimates a growth in Europe of up to 3,1 % per year until 2050 for passenger traffic, and up to 2,4 % per year for freight traffic according to its post-COVID-19 forecast in a high traffic scenario. At the same time, emissions from air transport have been increasing since 1990 and the trend of increasing emissions could return as we overcome the pandemic. Therefore, it is imperative to prepare for the future and make the necessary adjustments ensuring a well-functioning air transport sector that contributes fully to achieving the Union’s climate goals, with high levels of connectivity, affordability, safety and security. The Union has established legal obligations under Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3) to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 at the latest and to achieve a reduction of net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55 % compared to 1990 by 2030. In order to achieve this, all economic sectors, including the transport sector, have to take rapid steps to decarbonise. For the air transport sector, this necessitates a strong ramp-up of the production, supply and uptake of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). |
(3) |
The functioning of the Union air transport sector is determined by its cross-border nature across the Union, and by its global dimension. The aviation market is one of the most integrated sectors in the internal market, governed by uniform rules on market access and operating conditions. The Union’s external air transport policy is governed by rules established at global level at ICAO, and in comprehensive multilateral or bilateral agreements between the Union or its Member States, and third countries. It is therefore important that the Union sustains the efforts made at international, multilateral and bilateral level to promote a high level of ambition and convergence in the uptake of SAF, while providing for an international level playing field. |
(4) |
The air transport market is... |
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